Powering the fiber loop optically-a cost analysis

Banwell, T.C.; Estes, R.C.; Reith, L.A.; Shumate, P. W.; Vogel, E.M.

doi:10.1109/50.219583

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…New switch module electronics, including low power MEMS driver circuits, have been developed to allow remote powering of a 64 × 64 switch dissipating less than 1.5 W [32]. Hence with the use of light and photovoltaic cells, a 3D-MEMS switch can be remotely powered over fiber (power-over-fiber technology) [33]. Since the fiberbased access networks is optical in principle, the source of energy can be a laser located at the CO and is connected remotely through a fiber in the optical distribution network (ODN) to a photovoltaic cell located at the switch location, that can act as the driver card power supply for the MEMS switch [34].…”

Section: Characteristics Of 3d-mems Optical Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The large port-count 3D-MEMS switch with non-blocking capability allows in minimizing the T&M equipment as well as the number of redundant OLTs. The automation and remote reconfigurability of 3D-MEMS switches in the PON network can also provide optical-layer protection switching for premium service customers [33]. The premium customer is interconnected with the same OLT via two different optical paths.…”

Section: Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applications of large-scale optical 3D-MEMS switches in fiber-based broadband-access networks

Madamopoulos

Kaman²,

Yuan³

et al. 2009

Photon Netw Commun

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Applications of non-blocking large-scale optical switches based on three-dimensional micro-electro-mechanical system (3D-MEMS) technology with small size and low power consumption are described for fiber-based broadband access networks. The low-loss and fast-switching 3D-MEMS switches offer remotely reconfigurable and automated operational solutions for access networks such as fiber management, preventative maintenance, monitoring, testing, and troubleshooting of a large number of end customers. Furthermore, the wavelength, data rate, and protocol-transparent nature of 3D-MEMS switches results in a future-proof optical distribution network design for future higher speed and higher capacity wavelength division multiplexing overlay upgrades over the passive optical network (PON). We show that large-scale 3D-MEMS switches deployed in PON environments can offer over an order of magnitude in capital and operational savings in comparison to manual patch panels (in deployed fiber hardware, real estate, and manual labor) with minimal impact on the overall network design.

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Section: Characteristics Of 3d-mems Optical Switchesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of large-scale optical 3D-MEMS switches in fiber-based broadband-access networks

Madamopoulos

Kaman²,

Yuan³

et al. 2009

Photon Netw Commun

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show abstract

“…Power over fiber has also been considered for powering telecommunications equipment in fiber in the loop installations [1]. The main conclusion from this work was that optical powering was not economically viable for fiber in the loop at that time, partly because the high power lasers were expensive and partly because the power consumption of the remote equipment was relatively high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Powered Remote Units for Radio-Over-Fiber Systems

Wake

Nkansah

Gomes

et al. 2008

J. Lightwave Technol.

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Abstract-Optically-powered radio over fiber remote units have been designed and constructed for distributed antenna system applications using separate fibers for power and signal transmission.The feasibility of this approach has been investigated through a series of transmission measurements, based on the IEEE 802.11g wireless local area networking standard at a frequency of 2.5 GHz using 64QAM OFDM modulation at 54 Mb/s. These measurements show that high quality multi-level signal transmission is possible with modest levels of optical power at the central unit. For example, an EVM of around 3 % has been achieved for an RF output power of 0 dBm using a central unit optical power of 250 mW over a link length of 300 m.Index Terms-Distributed antenna systems, power over fiber, radio over fiber, wireless local area networks.

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“…Although multimode fibers are often applied for PoF, single-mode fibers are sometimes preferred. The main advantage of single-mode fibers for PoF is their relatively low bending loss [6]. Single-mode fibers are also compatible with most deployed highspeed data networks and sensing devices [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband optical chaos for stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression in power over fiber

Chan

Liu

et al. 2011

Appl. Opt.

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Broadband chaos generated in an optically injected semiconductor laser is applied for power-over-fiber transmission. By varying the injection power, period-one oscillation, period-two oscillation, and chaotic oscillation are observed in the injected slave laser, indicating a period-doubling route to chaos. Compared to the free-running output of the laser, its chaotic output has a drastically increased signal bandwidth, which leads to a 19 dB increase of the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold. Using a chaos of 5:2 GHz bandwidth, a maximum optical power of 27 dBm is obtained after 20 km transmission over fiber, which is applicable to optically powering some advanced communication networks. The approach uses the inherent nonlinear laser dynamics, which requires no modulation electronics or microwave signal sources.

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Powering the fiber loop optically-a cost analysis

Cited by 38 publications

References 38 publications

Applications of large-scale optical 3D-MEMS switches in fiber-based broadband-access networks

Applications of large-scale optical 3D-MEMS switches in fiber-based broadband-access networks

Optically Powered Remote Units for Radio-Over-Fiber Systems

Broadband optical chaos for stimulated Brillouin scattering suppression in power over fiber

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