Power Withstanding Capability and Transient Temperature of Carbon Nanotube-Based Nano Electrical Interconnects

Period. Polytech. Elec. Eng. Comp. Sci.

2023

In this work, various emerging core and winding materials suitable for a high frequency planar transformer (PT) has been analyzed and compared. Core and winding materials used in a transformer has a significant effect mostly in the core and winding losses of the transformer. Emerging core materials like amorphous and nanocrystalline cores were compared against the conventional ferrite core. The results obtained showed that core losses were reduced by around 48.14% on using amorphous or nanocrystalline cores instead of the conventional ferrite cores. Typical copper and aluminum windings were also compared with emerging materials like carbon nanotube (CNT), Cu/CNT and Al/CNT. Winding losses was found to be the lowest on using CNT windings instead of metal windings like Cu or Al, or metals composite windings like Cu/CNT and Al/CNT. A winding loss reduction of about 56.2% was seen with CNT windings. Thus, it was concluded that the best possible core and winding combination was amorphous or nanocrystalline cores with CNT windings, as they give the lowest possible core and winding losses for the PT. Finite Element Analysis was carried out on a 2-kW PT operating at 100 kHz frequency, with the software Altair FLUX for the analysis.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on Losses with Various Emerging Core and Winding Materials in a High Frequency Planar Transformer

Venugopal

Period. Polytech. Elec. Eng. Comp. Sci.

2023

“…9,10 Cu has the best electrical conductivity of 5.8 × 10 5 S cm −1 and the thermal conductivity of 401 W m −1 K −1 . 11,12 The resistivity temperature coefficient of Cu is 0.00389. This high conductivity is responsible for considerable Cu losses in the windings of transformers and rotating electric machines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16 However, Cu has the density of 8.9 g cm −3 which makes it heavier. 12 Hence, it is very important to design high efficient, light weight, small size electrical devices and components which can capable of operating at high temperature and high frequencies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CNT and graphene are extensively explored carbon based materials for electrical energy applications due to the higher electrical conductivity. 9,[12][13][14] Both CNT and graphene are allotropes of carbon. Graphene has lattice nanostructure and CNT has cylindrical nanostructure.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cu/CNT composite material has better thermal stability. 12,31 In recent years, Cu/CNT's have been more researched for electrical and power electronics applications. CNTs and Cu/CNT composite materials can be used as a substitute of Cu material in near future.…”

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confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Investigation of using CNT and Cu/CNT Wires for Replacing Cu for Power Electronics and Electrical Applications

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

Prince

2022

Self Cite

The demand for power electronics increases continuously with technological development. Next-generation power electronic converter circuits and electrical power system will require sustainable, highly efficient, and higher functionality material which should outperform Cu. In future electrical systems, Cu transmission cables and windings would be replaced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Cu/CNT composite. This paper presents the investigation of using CNT and Cu/CNT wires for replacing Cu for power electronics and electrical applications. Conducting wires made of Cu, Cu/CNT composite, and CNT are considered. Frequency domain electromagnetic analysis was carried out to obtain the performance parameters such as magnetic flux density, current density, impedance, voltage, power, resistance losses, inductance and AC resistance at the current of 1 A supplied with the frequency of 50 Hz . Finite element modeling simulation is carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics. The frequency of the supply current was also varied from 50 Hz to 5 MHz. The analysis shows that Cu/CNT is performing close to Cu in terms of electromagnetic parameters. Thermal analysis was also carried out by varying the current from 1 A to 35 A. CNT conductors produces lowest temperature and perform better in terms of electro-thermal parameters.

Perspective—Demystifying the Power Withstanding Capabilities of CNT Bundle Interconnects

ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol.

Sathyakam

2022

Self Cite

This article discusses power consumption trends of two geometries of carbon nanotube (CNT) bundle interconnects for very large scale integration applications. Electrostatic and electrothermal field simulations of square and triangular CNT bundle interconnects were done. Two factors viz. power dissipated and peak temperature are extracted and a new figure of merit called power temperature product (PTP) is defined. The PTP is calculated for interconnect lengths ranging from 500 to 2000µm. Results show that both triangular and square CNT bundles have high power withstanding capacity. Triangular CNT bundles have higher PTP when the associate phase changes are ignored.