Power-to-X technology using renewable electricity and carbon dioxide from ambient air: SOLETAIR proof-of-concept and improved process concept

Vázquez, Francisco Vidal; Koponen, Joonas; Ruuskanen, Vesa; Bajamundi, Cyril; Kosonen, Antti; Simell, Pekka; Ahola, Jero; Frilund, Christian; Elfving, Jere; Reinikainen, Matti; Heikkinen, Niko; Kauppinen, Juho; Piermartini, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.jcou.2018.09.026

Cited by 112 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the context of energy transition, humanity aims to mitigate climate change, which is strongly influenced by the amount of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions [20]. In terms of efficiency, technological advances must help to achieve a reduction of energy demand per capita and overall consumption of goods [21][22][23][24]. While the world's CO 2 emission from crude oil utilization is almost constant over the past two decades, the transport sector has significantly increased its share from 22% in 1990 to 28% in 2016 [25].…”

Section: Energy Transition and Technologies That May Be Requiredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically Operated Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in PtL-Part 1: System Response on Intermittent Feed

Loewert

Pfeifer

2020

ChemEngineering

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Society is facing serious challenges to reduce CO2 emissions. Effective change requires the use of advanced chemical catalyst and reactor systems to utilize renewable feedstocks. One pathway to long-term energy storage is its transformation into high quality, low-emission and CO2-neutral fuels. Performance of technologies such as the Fischer-Tropsch reaction can be maximized using the inherent advantages of microstructured packed bed reactors. Advantages arise not only from high conversion and productivity, but from its capability to resolve the natural fluctuation of renewable sources. This work highlights and evaluates a system for dynamic feed gas and temperature changes in a pilot scale Fischer-Tropsch synthesis unit for up to 7 L of product per day. Dead times were determined for non-reactive and reactive mode at individual positions in the setup. Oscillating conditions were applied to investigate responses with regard to gaseous and liquid products. The system was stable at short cycle times of 8 min. Neither of the periodic changes showed negative effects on the process performance. Findings even suggest this technology’s capability for effective, small-to-medium-scale applications with periodically changing process parameters. The second part of this work focuses on the application of a real-time photovoltaics profile to the given system.

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Section: Energy Transition and Technologies That May Be Requiredmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamically Operated Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in PtL-Part 1: System Response on Intermittent Feed

Loewert

Pfeifer

2020

ChemEngineering

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“…This implies that pessimistic assumptions regarding storage capacity deployment increases the value of BECCS for a given model, and vice versa. The same can be said about options that add value to curtailed energy from VREs such as power-to-X technologies [59]. Mathiesen et al [60] report lower bioenergy requirement in a 100% renewable energy system that draws stability of supply from using "new sources of flexibility such as solid, gaseous, and liquid fuel storage, thermal storage and heat pumps and battery electric vehicles" rather than only ensuring electric grid stability.…”

Section: Drivers Of Value Of Beccs In Iamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Value of BECCS in IAMs: a Review

Köberle

2019

Curr Sustainable Renewable Energy Rep

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Purpose of Review Integrated assessment model (IAM) scenarios consistent with Paris Agreement targets involve large negative emission technologies (NETs), mostly bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS). Such reliance on BECCS implies IAMs assign it a high value. Past analyses on the value of BECCS in IAMs have not explicitly addressed the role of model structure and assumptions as value drivers. This paper examines the extent to which the value of BECCS in IAMs is enhanced by model structure constraints and assumptions. Recent Findings Predominant use of high discount rates (3.5-5%) means models opt for delayed-action strategies for emissions mitigation that lead to high levels of cumulative net-negative emissions, while lower discount rates lead to reduce reliance on NETs. Until recently in the literature, most models limited NET options to only BECCS and afforestation, but introduction of other CDR options can reduce BECCS deployment. Constraints on grid penetration of variable renewable energy (VRE) is a determining factor on the level of BECCS deployment across models, and more constrained grid penetration of VREs leads to more BECCS in electricity generation. Summary This paper concludes BECCS derives significant value not only from the existing structure of IAMs but also from what is not represented in models and by predominant use of high discount rates. Omissions include NETs other than BECCS and deforestation, low-carbon innovation in end-use technologies, grid resilience to intermittent sources, and energy use in agriculture production. As IAMs increasingly endogenize such constraints, the value of BECCS in resulting scenarios is likely to be dampened.

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“…Additionally, reasonable global warming potential (GWP) reductions were achieved [48]. Similar improvements can be expected for the production of OME [3][4][5] , which offer a better compatibility with existing diesel engines while maintaining outstanding combustion properties [76]. Their production with established process concepts is limited to about 54 % [77] starting from H 2 and CO 2 , whereas novel process technologies reach an efficiency of up to 72 % [78].…”

Section: Process and Product Analysis For E-productionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Power‐to‐X: Between Electricity Storage, e‐Production, and Demand Side Management

Burre

Bongartz

Brée

et al. 2019

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The common understanding of Power-to-X is exclusively the use of renewable electricity to manufacture products currently based on fossil sources. In this paper, it is argued that beyond such e-Production many of these technologies also include aspects related to demand side management and temporal storage of electricity. Therefore, a definition of Powerto-X is suggested that encompasses all three aspects. It is discussed, which of these are relevant under which conditions and illustrative examples are highlighted, which show how process systems engineering can help address common challenges for Power-to-X technologies.

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Power-to-X technology using renewable electricity and carbon dioxide from ambient air: SOLETAIR proof-of-concept and improved process concept

Cited by 112 publications

References 39 publications

Dynamically Operated Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in PtL-Part 1: System Response on Intermittent Feed

Dynamically Operated Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis in PtL-Part 1: System Response on Intermittent Feed

The Value of BECCS in IAMs: a Review

Power‐to‐X: Between Electricity Storage, e‐Production, and Demand Side Management

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