Power spectral analysis of inspiratory nerve activity in the anesthetized rat: uncorrelated fast oscillations in different inspiratory nerves

Kocsis, Bernát; Gyimesi-Pelczer, Katalin

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01104-3

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…These investigations have revealed fast oscillations in inspiratory nerve activities in both anesthetized and decerebrate rats in vivo, with the power spectrum most often characterized by a single spectral peak in either the MFO or HFO range (dual spectral peaks were rarely encountered). Furthermore, the peak frequencies associated with HFO activity were reported to be slightly higher in adult rats than those previously observed in other mammals; based on these recent observa-tions, the upper limit of the original HFO range has been extended to ϳ160 Hz (Kocsis and Gyimesi-Pelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002). Because the mouse is rapidly becoming a valuable model for studying the contribution of genetic factors in respiratory control (see recent review by Tankersley 2003), and to our knowledge, spectral composition of inspiratory-related activity in adult mouse has not yet been evaluated, we conducted this study, in part, to investigate the presence and location of fast oscillatory rhythms in inspiratory motor discharges in adult mouse in vivo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In contrast to the dual peaks usually noted in adult cat and rabbit in vivo, in anesthetized and decerebrate adult rats, usually only a single peak located between 45 and 160 Hz is observed (Kocsis and GyimesiPelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002), and the designation of MFO or HFO is determined by coherence analysis. In a few cases, however, in the barbiturate-but not urethane-anesthetized adult rat (n ϭ 4/17) and in the decerebrate adult rat (n ϭ 4/16), dual peaks with the lower frequency peak seen between 35 and 78 Hz (MFO) and the higher frequency peak seen between 97 and 160 Hz (HFO) have been detected (Kocsis and Gyimesi-Pelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002); in these cases, relative power of the MFO and HFO peaks are usually similar. These observations have led to the suggestion that, in the adult in vivo rat, the frequency ranges associated with MFO and HFO activities may be shifted to higher frequencies (Kocsis and Gyimesi-Pelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002), which for the HFO may be a consequence of the high discharge frequencies (Ͼ200/s) observed in dorsal and ventral respiratory group neurons (Tian and Duffin 1998).…”

Section: Time-invariant Spectral Analyses: Comparison To Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although prominent oscillations in inspiratory-related discharges have been identified in all mammals studied thus far, only a limited number of investigations have focused on adult rodents (Kocsis and Gyimesi-Pelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002). These investigations have revealed fast oscillations in inspiratory nerve activities in both anesthetized and decerebrate rats in vivo, with the power spectrum most often characterized by a single spectral peak in either the MFO or HFO range (dual spectral peaks were rarely encountered).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the respiratory neural control system, it has long been recognized that fast oscillatory rhythms are present in inspiratory-related muscles, nerves, and neurons (recently reviewed by Funk and Parkis 2002) and that these fast rhythmic oscillations provide an index of inspiratory-phase short-time-scale synchronization (Cohen et al 1987b;Dittler and Garten 1912;Gasser 1928;Sica et al 1991). Initial investigations of these fast oscillatory rhythms used visual observation or auto-and cross-correlation techniques to identify fast oscillations in inspiratory-related discharges in the range of 50 -100 Hz (e.g., Cohen 1973;Dittler and Garten 1912;Gasser 1928;Mitchell and Herbert 1974); however, more recent studies have used power spectral analyses [using predominantly fast-Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms] that have revealed spectral peaks in two ranges: 20 -50 Hz (Cohen et al 1987b;Richardson and Mitchell 1982), designated as medium frequency oscillations (MFO; Cohen et al 1987b), and 50 -150 Hz, designated as high-frequency oscillations (HFO; Cohen et al 1987b).Although prominent oscillations in inspiratory-related discharges have been identified in all mammals studied thus far, only a limited number of investigations have focused on adult rodents (Kocsis and Gyimesi-Pelczer 1997;Marchenko et al 2002). These investigations have revealed fast oscillations in inspiratory nerve activities in both anesthetized and decerebrate rats in vivo, with the power spectrum most often characterized by a single spectral peak in either the MFO or HFO range (dual spectral peaks were rarely encountered).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Time-Frequency Representation of Inspiratory Motor Output in Anesthetized C57BL/6 Mice In Vivo

O'Neal

Spiegel²,

Chon³

et al. 2005

Journal of Neurophysiology

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. Inspiratory motor discharges, in addition to longtime-scale rhythmic oscillatory bursting, exhibit short-time-scale rhythmic oscillations that have been identified, and subsequently characterized, using power spectral analyses [predominantly fastFourier transforms (FFT)]. These analyses assume that the signal being analyzed is stationary; however, this is not the case for most biological signals, which exhibit varying degrees of nonstationarity. To overcome this limitation, time-frequency methods, which provide not only the frequency content but also information regarding the timing of these fast rhythmic oscillations (i.e., dynamics of spectral activity), should be used. Thus this study was performed to investigate the dynamic or time-varying features of spectral activity in inspiratory motor output. Both conventional time-invariant and time-frequency (time-varying) spectral analysis methods were performed on recordings of diaphragm EMG, phrenic nerve, and hypoglossal nerve discharges obtained from spontaneously breathing urethan-anesthetized adult C57BL/6 mice. Conventional time-invariant spectral analysis using a FFT algorithm revealed three dominant peaks in the power spectrum, which were located at 1) 20 -46, 2) 83-149, and 3) 177-227 Hz. Time-frequency spectral analysis using a generalized time-frequency representation (TFR) with the smoothed pseudo-WignerVille distribution (SPWD) kernel confirmed the general location of these spectral peaks, identified additional spectral peaks within the frequency ranges described above, and revealed a time-dependent expression of spectral activity within the inspiratory burst for each of the frequency ranges. Furthermore, this method revealed that 1) little or no spectral activity occurs during the initial portion of the inspiratory burst in any of the frequency ranges identified, 2) transient oscillations in the magnitude of spectral power exist where spectral activity occurs, and 3) total spectral power exhibits an augmenting pattern over the course of the inspiratory burst. These data, which provide the first description of spectral content in inspiratory motor discharges in adult mice, show that both time-invariant and time-varying spectral analysis methods are capable of identifying short-time-scale rhythmic oscillations in inspiratory motor discharge (as expected); however, the dynamic (i.e., timing) features of this oscillatory activity can only be obtained using the time-frequency method. We suggest that timefrequency methods, such as the SPWD, should be used in future studies examining short-time-scale (fast) rhythmic oscillations in inspiratory motor discharges, because additional insight into the neural control mechanisms that participate in inspiratoryphase neuronal and motoneuronal synchronization may be obtained. I N T R O D U C T I O NFast oscillatory neuronal activity is a prominent feature in many regions of the CNS (e.g., cortex, thalamus, hippocampus, brain stem) (Bragin et al. 1999;Buzsáki et al. 1992;Christakos et al. 1988;Gray 1994;Gray et al. 19...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Time-invariant Spectral Analyses: Comparison To Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time-Frequency Representation of Inspiratory Motor Output in Anesthetized C57BL/6 Mice In Vivo

O'Neal

Spiegel²,

Chon³

et al. 2005

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…In two other studies (23,24), autospectral and coherence analysis was applied to I nerve discharges in anesthetized rats. Autospectral frequency peaks, mainly in the range 20-40 Hz, were found, but significant coherence peaks at these or higher frequencies between different nerve activities were rare.…”

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confidence: 99%

Respiratory cycle timing and fast inspiratory discharge rhythms in the adult decerebrate rat

Marchenko

Granata

Cohen

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Marchenko, Vitaliy, Antonio R. Granata, and Morton I. Cohen. Respiratory cycle timing and fast inspiratory discharge rhythms in the adult decerebrate rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 283: R931-R940, 2002. First published June 27, 2002 10.1152/ajpregu.00117.2002In supracollicular decerebrate paralyzed adult rats, neural respiration was monitored by bilateral phrenic recordings. In the study of respiratory cycle timing, the effects of vagal afferent input (lung inflation) on respiratory phase durations resembled those seen in decerebrate cats. 1) Withholding lung inflation during neural inspiration (I) produced lengthening of I phase duration by 46% (mean, n ϭ 11). 2) Maintaining lung inflation during neural expiration (E) produced lengthening of E phase duration by 112% (mean, n ϭ 4). In the study of fast rhythms in inspiratory discharges, phrenic nerve autospectra and bilateral (left-right) phrenic coherences in 16 rats revealed two types of fast rhythm: 1) highfrequency oscillation (HFO), which had significant coherence peaks (n ϭ 9, range 106-160 Hz, mean 132 Hz); and 2) medium-frequency oscillation (MFO), which had autospectral peaks but no distinct coherence peaks (n ϭ 11, range 46-96 Hz, mean 66 Hz). These rhythms resembled MFOs and HFOs in the decerebrate cat, but the modal frequency range was about twice as large. In addition, these frequency values differed markedly from the 20-40 Hz of the rhythms found in earlier studies in neonatal in vitro preparations; the difference may be due to developmental immaturity. phrenic; vagal afferents; high-frequency oscillations; medium-frequency oscillations; spectral analysis IN RECENT YEARS, much of the research on neurogenesis of respiratory rhythm has been performed on in vitro preparations (most commonly obtained from neonatal rats), such as the en bloc (isolated brain stem-spinal cord) preparation and the medullary slice preparation (1). To help interpret observations made in vitro, it would be useful to make comparisons with in vivo observations. Although the major portion of earlier in vivo studies had been done in the cat (3, 32, 36), a number of in vivo studies have also been done in the rat (14,15,34,(41)(42)(43) and therefore might furnish suitable comparisons.The present paper deals with aspects of two broad areas of interest in both in vitro and in vivo studies: 1) the temporal structure of the overall respiratory cycle, such as the durations of the inspiration (I) and expiration (E) phases; and 2) the short-term timing relations between different inspiratory (phrenic) neural activities, as indicated by fast rhythms in their discharges.With respect to respiratory cycle timing, publications from one laboratory have reported the effects of lung afferent input (inflations) on respiratory cycle timing in the en bloc preparation with lungs attached: inflations delivered during the E phase produce prolongation of that phase (27), whereas inflations delivered during the I phase result in shortening of that phase (28,29). In previous in vivo studies...

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Spectral parameters of phrenic nerve activity in mature rats during electrical stimulation of retrotrapezoid nucleus

Tatarnikov

2004

Bull Exp Biol Med

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Power spectral analysis of inspiratory nerve activity in the anesthetized rat: uncorrelated fast oscillations in different inspiratory nerves

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Time-Frequency Representation of Inspiratory Motor Output in Anesthetized C57BL/6 Mice In Vivo

Time-Frequency Representation of Inspiratory Motor Output in Anesthetized C57BL/6 Mice In Vivo

Respiratory cycle timing and fast inspiratory discharge rhythms in the adult decerebrate rat

Spectral parameters of phrenic nerve activity in mature rats during electrical stimulation of retrotrapezoid nucleus

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