Power Maximization and Control of Variable-Speed Wind Turbine System Using Extremum Seeking

Rafaat, Safanah; Hussein, Rajaa

doi:10.4236/jpee.2018.61005

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The wind turbine produces electricity when it runs between 2 m s −1 and 15 m s −1 . Once, the speed exceeds 10% more than the nominal speed of the lower-speed shaft, the braking system starts to work [10,12]. First, the aerodynamic braking starts to operate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of functionally gradient Cu-Fe based sintered brake pad materials

Kasi,

Murugesan,

Jeyakanapathy

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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The world is seeking a sustainable co-existence with nature to preserve the balance of our ecosystem. This has opened a wider market for green and renewable forms of energy to realize the energy requirements of global countries. Among the various renewable energy sources, harnessing the kinetic energy of the wind through a turbine to generate electricity has seen an ardent growth. Wind turbines, in general, function between 2 m/s and 25 m/s wind speed. When the winds cross the cut-out speed (25 m/s) or during the maintenance of wind turbine components, the brakes are implemented. The primary aerodynamic and secondary mechanical brakes comprise the wind turbine braking system. The mechanical brake pads are fixed to the brake caliper. On braking, the brake caliper pushes the brake pads against the brake disc. This recurring action gradually wears the brake material. The presence of ceramic particles in the traditionally used bulk composite pads imparts poor joint properties between the brake pad and caliper. These mandate frequent replacement of the brake pads. The current research work developed a functionally gradient brake pad through the powder metallurgy technique. The microstructure, microhardness, and tribological properties of the fabricated brake pads are tested and analyzed. Microstructural analysis revealed a homogeneous distribution of the reinforcements in the metal matrix. COF was observed to be within the desired range of between 0.3 and 0.4. The brake pad exhibited a combination of adhesive-abrasive-oxidative wear.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of functionally gradient Cu-Fe based sintered brake pad materials

Kasi,

Murugesan,

Jeyakanapathy

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…Those algorithms have numerous application domains, ranging from the maximization of the power produced by wind turbines via the generator speed (see e.g. [11], [12] or [13]), to the optimization of the production yield in bio-processes (see e.g. [14], [15] or [16]), the maximization of the energy efficiency in vapor compression systems (see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extremum Seeking with Intermittent Measurements: A Lie-brackets Approach

Labar¹,

Ebenbauer²,

Marconi³

2022

Preprint

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Extremum seeking systems are powerful methods able to steer the input of a (dynamical) cost function towards an optimizer, without any prior knowledge of the cost function. To achieve their objective, they typically combine time-periodic signals with the on-line measurement of the cost. However, in some practical applications, the cost can only be measured during some regular time-intervals, and not continuously, contravening the classical extremum seeking framework. In this paper, we first analyze how existing Lie-bracket based extremum seeking systems behave when being fed with intermittent measurements, instead of continuous ones. We then propose two modifications of those schemes to improve both the convergence time and the steady-state accuracy in presence of intermittent measurements. The performances of the different schemes are compared on a case study.

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“…In [16], the ESC was equipped in a prototype, the Delft Offshore Turbine (DOT) with a retrofitted 500 kW hydraulic drive train. In [17], a wind turbine composed of a two-mass drive train was considered. Here, indirect field orientation control in combination with ESC was applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Extremum Seeking Control of Urban Area Wind Turbines

Dietrich

Borchers-Tigasson

Naumann³

et al. 2021

Energies

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Maximum-power point tracking of wind turbines is a challenging issue considering fast changing wind conditions of urban areas. For this purpose, an adaptive control approach that is fast and robust is required. Conventional approaches based on simple step perturbations and subsequent observation, however, are difficult to design and too slow for the demanding wind conditions of urban areas including gusts and turbulence. In this paper, an extremum seeking control scheme to the recently developed wind turbine MOWEA (Modulare Windenergieanlagen GmbH) is proposed and successfully applied. To this end, a comprehensive aero-electromechanical model of the wind turbine under study including basic control is formulated. Next, the extremum seeking control scheme is adapted to the system. Several aspects to increase adaptation speed are highlighted, including a novel phase compensation. Finally, a validation of the proposed approach is performed considering real wind data, thus demonstrating its fast and robust adaptability. The proposed control scheme is computationally efficient and can be easily implemented on the existing onboard electronics.

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Power Maximization and Control of Variable-Speed Wind Turbine System Using Extremum Seeking

Cited by 6 publications

References 20 publications

Development of functionally gradient Cu-Fe based sintered brake pad materials

Development of functionally gradient Cu-Fe based sintered brake pad materials

Extremum Seeking with Intermittent Measurements: A Lie-brackets Approach

Adaptive Extremum Seeking Control of Urban Area Wind Turbines

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