Power-line Harmonic Radiation and the Electron Slot

Tatnall, A.R.L.; Matthews, Janice R.; Bullough, K.; Kaiser, Thomas

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-7063-2_12

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…It is important to survey these waves because the world electric power consumption is constantly increasing and there are indications that PLHR influences the atmosphere-ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling. Nonlinear interactions between electrons and PLHR can participate in the precipitation of electrons from the slot region in the radiation belts [Bullough et al, 1976;Tatnall et al, 1983].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Parrot¹,

Manninen²,

Santolı́k³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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Very Low Frequency (VLF) spectrograms show sometimes sets of lines called MLR (Magnetospheric Line Radiation) with frequency spacing close to 50 or 60 Hz. It is very tempting to attribute these MLR to Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR). PLHR are the ELF and VLF waves radiated by electric power systems at the harmonic frequencies of 50 or 60 Hz. Here we show for the first time large scale MLR observed simultaneously on ground and on board a low altitude satellite which is flying over the same zone. This two hours event is observed over a large area in the Northern hemisphere (∼7,400,000 km2) and in the conjugate region. It is hypothesized that these MLR are due to PLHR propagating in the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. When they cross the equator, the PLHR undergo a nonlinear interaction with particles and may play a role in the dynamics of the radiation belts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Parrot¹,

Manninen²,

Santolı́k³

et al. 2007

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…We then assume that the ground surface of the Earth and the boundary between the air and ionosphere regions are just planes. It was reported that the most possible, significant source of PLHR was zero‐phase (unbalanced) harmonic currents in the power line with ground return [ Tatnall et al , 1983]. Based on it, we can model the single electric current as the source.…”

Section: Theory Of Plhr Penetration Into the Ionospherementioning

confidence: 97%

Theoretical analysis on the penetration of power line harmonic radiation into the ionosphere

2002

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Radiation at the fundamental and higher harmonic frequencies from power lines affects the environment of Earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere, because such radiation may lead to the enhanced electron precipitation into the ionosphere due to wave‐particle interactions in the magnetosphere. In this paper we analyze theoretically the penetration of power line radiation, taking into account the presence of the anisotropic, homogeneous ionosphere. The electromagnetic field can be formulated by using the Fourier transform and field distribution obtained by proper deformation of the integral path with consideration of singularities. We calculate the field distribution as a function of altitude and distance from the source. From the numerical results, we can find several new findings: (1) the effect of the radiation from power line is limited in a relatively narrow region below the cutoff frequency of the guided mode in the Earth‐ionosphere waveguide, while the region affected by the power line radiation becomes much wider if the guided modes exist, (2) the radiated fields are directed almost horizontally, and (3) the altitude distribution of electromagnetic fields changes at the ion gyrofrequency. Comparison with the observed data shows a good agreement with respect to the region affected by power line radiation.

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“…A simple model of PLHR has been obtained by Tatnall et al (1983) considering that these interferences are due to magnetic induction from unbalanced harmonic currents flowing in the power lines with ground return (see also Bullough (1995)). This model is shown in Figure 6.…”

Section: The Emissions From the Earthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indices e Tatnall et al, 1983). and c refer respectively to ionization by the natural Earth's radioactivity and by cosmic rays, whereas the indice g refers to ionization by anthropogenic radioactive gases.…”

Section: Radioactive Gasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

Parrot

Zaslavski

1996

Surv Geophys

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Since the discovery of the Luxembourg effect in the 1930s, it is clear that man-made activities can perturb the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. The anthropogenic effects are mainly clue to different kinds of waves coming from the Earth's surface. Acoustic-gravity waves are generated by large explosions, spacecraft launches, or flight of supersonic planes. Electromagnetic waves are active in different frequency ranges. Power line harmonic radiation which is radiated in the ELF range by electrical power systems can be observed over industrial areas. At VLF and HF, the ground-based transmitters used for communications or radio-navigation heat the ionosphere and change the natural parameters. A large variety of phenomena is observed: wave-particle interaction, precipitation of radiation belt electrons, parametric coupling of EM whistler waves, triggered emissions, frequency shift, and whistler spectrum broadening. This paper will review the different physical mechanisms which are relevant to such perturbations. The possibility of direct chemical pollution in the ionosphere due to gas releases is also discussed.

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Power-line Harmonic Radiation and the Electron Slot

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Simultaneous observation on board a satellite and on the ground of large‐scale magnetospheric line radiation

Theoretical analysis on the penetration of power line harmonic radiation into the ionosphere

Physical mechanisms of man-made influences on the magnetosphere

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