Abstract:Since the discovery of the Luxembourg effect in the 1930s, it is clear that man-made activities can perturb the ionosphere and the magnetosphere. The anthropogenic effects are mainly clue to different kinds of waves coming from the Earth's surface. Acoustic-gravity waves are generated by large explosions, spacecraft launches, or flight of supersonic planes. Electromagnetic waves are active in different frequency ranges. Power line harmonic radiation which is radiated in the ELF range by electrical power system… Show more
“…There are indications that PLHR influences the atmosphereionospheremagnetosphere coupling. This problem requires serious attention because the electrical power consumption is always increasing in the world (Parrot and Zaslavski, 1996). Theoretical works have been done to explain these effects.…”
Section: Many Observations Show That the Linesmentioning
Abstract. The influence of man-made activity on the ionosphere may be very important. The effects induced by the Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) may change the natural wave activity and/or the ionospheric plasma components. One goal of the ionospheric satellite DEMETER launched in June 2004 is to study the ionospheric perturbations which could be related to this anthropogenic activity. As the first step, the paper presents Tram Lines (TL) which have been observed on board DEMETER with frequency intervals close to 50 Hz or 16 Hz 2/3 (the current frequency of the railways). When it is observable the frequency drift of these TL is very slow. It is shown that these events occur during periods of strong or moderate magnetic activity. A wave propagation analysis indicates that the TL observed below the low cutoff frequency of the hiss which is simultaneously present are coming from a region below the satellite. The conclusion is that these TL observed by DEMETER are produced by PLHR or radiation of railways lines.
“…There are indications that PLHR influences the atmosphereionospheremagnetosphere coupling. This problem requires serious attention because the electrical power consumption is always increasing in the world (Parrot and Zaslavski, 1996). Theoretical works have been done to explain these effects.…”
Section: Many Observations Show That the Linesmentioning
Abstract. The influence of man-made activity on the ionosphere may be very important. The effects induced by the Power Line Harmonic Radiation (PLHR) may change the natural wave activity and/or the ionospheric plasma components. One goal of the ionospheric satellite DEMETER launched in June 2004 is to study the ionospheric perturbations which could be related to this anthropogenic activity. As the first step, the paper presents Tram Lines (TL) which have been observed on board DEMETER with frequency intervals close to 50 Hz or 16 Hz 2/3 (the current frequency of the railways). When it is observable the frequency drift of these TL is very slow. It is shown that these events occur during periods of strong or moderate magnetic activity. A wave propagation analysis indicates that the TL observed below the low cutoff frequency of the hiss which is simultaneously present are coming from a region below the satellite. The conclusion is that these TL observed by DEMETER are produced by PLHR or radiation of railways lines.
“…MLR and the more general questions and observations associated with PLHR are discussed in detail in the reviews of Bullough [1995] and Parrot and Zaslavski [1996]. We should note that there have been instances where the term PLHR (or sometimes "power line radiation" (PLR)) is used to describe the VLF line radiation which we refer to as MLR.…”
(4) there is no evidence of a Sunday, weekend, or other 7-day cycle in the occurrence of MLR. Taken together these results strongly suggest that MLR is a natural VLF emission and is not primarily caused by PLHR. In addition, Halley data have been examined to determine whether the intensity of all types of VLF emissions are influenced by PLHR. We find that (1) there is no significant difference between weekdays and weekends over the frequency range 0.5-9.3 kHz and (2) there is no consistent change in wave intensity that is observed around any of the major North American holiday periods. It is concluded that PLHR is not a significant influence on geospace as viewed from Halley.
“…For example, atmospheric lightning are a signiÿcant source of magnetospheric VLF (very low frequency) emissions. The contribution of ground-based VLF transmitters in magnetospheric electromagnetic radiation is also important (see the review by Parrot and Zaslavski, 1996, and references therein). In general, there is little information about the in uence of processes in the neutral atmosphere on ionospheric plasma.…”
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