Power harvesting footwear based on piezo-electromagnetic hybrid generator for sustainable wearable microelectronics

Iqbal, Muhammad; Khan, Farid Ullah; Mehdi, Murtuza; Cheok, Quentin; Abas, Pg Emeroylariffion; Nauman, Malik Muhammad

doi:10.1016/j.jksues.2020.11.003

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The power density of the prototype can reach 3.53 mW/cm 3 under a weak acceleration (0.3 g) in this paper, which is 14 times, 7 times, and 4 times as high as Refs [ 34 , 38 , 42 ]. Therefore, the output performance of the prototype in this paper is superior.…”

Section: Experiments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Xin

Peng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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A novel hybridization scheme is proposed with electromagnetic transduction to improve the power density of piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) in this paper. Based on the basic cantilever piezoelectric energy harvester (BC-PEH) composed of a mass block, a piezoelectric patch, and a cantilever beam, we replaced the mass block by a magnet array and added a coil array to form the hybrid energy harvester. To enhance the output power of the electromagnetic energy harvester (EMEH), we utilized an alternating magnet array. Then, to compare the power density of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH, the experiments of output power were conducted. According to the experimental results, the power densities of the hybrid harvester and BC-PEH are, respectively, 3.53 mW/cm3 and 5.14 μW/cm3 under the conditions of 18.6 Hz and 0.3 g. Therefore, the power density of the hybrid harvester is 686 times as high as that of the BC-PEH, which verified the power density improvement of PEH via a hybridization scheme with EMEH. Additionally, the hybrid harvester exhibits better performance for charging capacitors, such as charging a 2.2 mF capacitor to 8 V within 17 s. It is of great significance to further develop self-powered devices.

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Section: Experiments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Xin

Peng

et al. 2021

Micromachines

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“…The work in [39] proposed a piezoelectric bimorph cantilever beam for harvesting energy, utilizing magnetic attraction. In [40], the authors described a magneto-electric harvester based on a stable magnet and a piezoelec-tric harvester utilizing a metal ball. The structure of the electromagnetic power generator and EH based on vibration is shown in Figure 4a,b [41,42].…”

Section: Mounting Of Electromagnetic Vibration Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum power generation depends on the maximum displacement of the mass of the electromagnetic (EM) generator. The maximum electrical power, the resonance of the EM generator, is shown by Equation ( 15) [40,49]:…”

Section: Maximum Power From An Electromagnetic Generatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Power Converter Impact of Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Circuits and Devices for Autonomous Sensor Applications

et al. 2021

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The demand for power is increasing due to the rapid growth of the population. Therefore, energy harvesting (EH) from ambient sources has become popular. The reduction of power consumption in modern wireless systems provides a basis for the replacement of batteries with the electromagnetic energy harvesting (EMEH) approach. This study presents a general review of the EMEH techniques for autonomous sensor (ATS) applications. Electromagnetic devices show great potential when used to power such ATS technologies or convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. As its power source, this stage harvests ambient energy and features a self-starting and self-powered process without the use of batteries. Therefore, it consumes low power and is highly stable for harvesting energy from the environment with low ambient energy sources. The review highlights EMEH circuits, low power EMEH devices, power electronic converters, and controllers utilized in numerous applications, and described their impacts on energy conservation, benefits, and limitation. This study ultimately aims to suggest a smart, low-voltage electronic circuit for a low-power sensor that harvests electromagnetic energy. This review also focuses on various issues and suggestions of future EMEH for low power autonomous sensors.

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“…For a multi-layered wound coil as shown in Figure 4, the voltage amplitude 52 can be obtained as function of Di, the distance of an individual layer from the magnet’s surface.…”

Section: System Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear multi-mode electromagnetic insole energy harvester for human-powered body monitoring sensors: Design, modeling, and characterization

Iqbal

Nauman

Khan

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C:

Self Cite

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The current research in wearable electronics is trending towards miniaturization, portability, integration, and sustainability, with the harvesting of biomechanical energy seen as a promising route to improve the sustainability of these wearable electronics. Efforts have been made to prolong operational life of these harvesters, to overcome energy dissipation, lowering resonant frequency, attaining multi-resonant states as well as widening frequency bandwidth of these biomechanical energy harvesters. Herein, an electromagnetic insole energy harvester (EMIEH), capable of efficiently harvesting low-frequency biomechanical energy, has been designed, fabricated and experimentally tested. The core component in the device is the vibrating circular spiral spring, holding two magnets as the driving force on the central platform of the circular spiral spring, and just in-line with the upper and lower wound coils. It has been shown that the harvester exhibits higher sensitivity to low-frequency external vibrations than conventional cantilever-based designs, and hence allows low impact energy harvesting such as harvesting energy from walking, running and jogging. The experimentally-tested four resonant frequencies occurred at 8.9 Hz, 28 Hz, 50 Hz, and 51 Hz. At the first resonant frequency of 8.9 Hz under base acceleration of 0.6 g, the lower electromagnetic generator can deliver a peak power of 664.36 µW and an RMS voltage of 170 mV to a matching load resistance of 43.5 Ω. The upper electromagnetic generator can contribute an RMS voltage of 85 mV, corresponding to the peak power of 175 µW across 41 Ω under the same experimental condition. Finally, the harvester has been integrated into the shoe and it is able to charge a 100 µF capacitor up to 1 Volt for about 8 minutes foot movement. The result has remarkable significance in the development of wireless body monitoring sensors applications.

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Power harvesting footwear based on piezo-electromagnetic hybrid generator for sustainable wearable microelectronics

Cited by 11 publications

References 37 publications

Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Power Density Improvement of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters via a Novel Hybridization Scheme with Electromagnetic Transduction

Review of Power Converter Impact of Electromagnetic Energy Harvesting Circuits and Devices for Autonomous Sensor Applications

Nonlinear multi-mode electromagnetic insole energy harvester for human-powered body monitoring sensors: Design, modeling, and characterization

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