Power-assist control of a human–electric hybrid bicycle with energy regeneration and cruise control

Abstract

In this article, we propose three different controllers for the human-electric hybrid bicycle. The main objective of the controller is to ensure power-assist, cruise control and regenerative braking whenever possible. Power-assist controller is designed without torque sensor, cruise controller is designed to keep constant speed and the regenerative braking controller is designed to save the energy while braking. Proportion-assisted power method is implemented using the pedaling torque estimated by disturbance observer. Cruise control is achieved using the estimated speed from the hall sensor rather than using actual speed sensor. Single switch regenerative braking method is applied to yield maximum energy recovery during braking. It is noted that the performance similar to torque sensor-based proportion-assisted power is achieved using torque sensorless approach. All of the proposed controllers are implemented experimentally in the experimental setup, and their results are presented.

Performance Analysis of Electronic Mechanical Assisted Braking of Environmental-Friendly Vehicles Based on Pedal Decoupling

“…In the case of all vehicle loads, when the braking strength  is between 0.15 and 0.8, the rear axle adhesion coefficient should not be located above the front axle. When the adhesion coefficient  is between 0.2 and 0.8, the braking strength satisfies the relationship shown in equation (1) [21]. When the braking intensity  is between 0.15 and 0.8, the rear axle curve is below the curve shown in equation (2).…”

“…Since the 21st century, China's new energy vehicle industry has been greatly developed, and the sales and ownership of new energy vehicles continue to increase. Compared with traditional vehicles, new energy vehicles not only have a greater advantage in energy emission reduction, but also can further improve the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction by using constantly updated technologies [1]. Regenerative braking is a key technology in the field of energy saving and emission reduction.…”

Functional modelling of complex multi-disciplinary systems using the enhanced sequence diagram

“…speed" use case "Maintain constant speed" use case in Fig. 6 can be associated with a Cruise Control (CC) feature where the rider maintains a constant speed of travel, regardless of the pedaling input and external environment such as road condition Padmagirisan et al 2019). This use case includes "accelerate (e-bike)" and "decelerate (e-bike)" use cases.…”

Performance evaluation of electric vehicle brushless direct current motor with a novel high-performance control strategy with experimental implementation

“…However, increasing the vehicle speed leads to higher energy consumption since the aerodynamic resistive force is proportional to the square of the speed. 3 In the light of this remark, a method is proposed to ensure good vehicle performances with less consumption.…”

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