Poverty and inequality in rural India

Aubron, Claire; Lehoux, Hugo; Lucas, Corentin

doi:10.4000/echogeo.14300

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In all the districts, the proportion of the poor is much higher among the sampled rural non-farm workers than the incidence of poverty in the state as a whole, which was merely 8.3 percent for the state as a whole and 7.7 percent in its rural areas during 2011-12 (GoI, 2014. Thus, the economic growth in India, spontaneously leading the rural poor towards some kind of social advancement, seems highly unrealistic (Claire et al, 2015).…”

Section: Poverty Status Of Sampled Rural Non-farm Workers In Punjabmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extreme poverty in rural India shows a high growth level, especially in the agricultural sector. This poverty can be explained through an unequal distribution of land, water as well as added value, that is deeply entrenched in social relations of dependency (Claire et al, 2015). Non-farm employment is considered to be important to the weaker sections, such as landless as well as small and marginal farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Extent and Determinants of Poverty among Rural Non-Farm Workers in Punjab

Kaur

Anupama

Toor

et al. 2021

REDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The economy of Punjab has been undergoing the process of structural change. The share of the primary sector in total employment has declined at a slower rate. Trends have that people are shifting to the non-farm sector as there is little potential in the agricultural sector to generate additional employment opportunities. The number of non-farm workers is increasing continuously in Punjab. In the non-farm sector, most of the regular jobs are being created in manufacturing and services. The non-manufacturing sector is mainly creating casual employment opportunities. In this background, the present paper examines the poverty status of the rural non-farm workers in Punjab. Using a sample of 659 households from the three districts of Punjab, the study reveals that about 19 percent of the non-farm workers live below the poverty line and 5.27 percent are extremely poor. The incidence of poverty is higher among the SC households than other castes. The workers, who are employed in casual jobs, are more prone to poverty. The greatest proportion of those living below the poverty line can be found in the case of the workers employed in brick kilns and in electronics repair works. About 37 percent of those working as construction workers, loaders in the grain market or in MGNREGS, are living below the poverty line. All of the wage workers in these three categories are poor and vulnerable. The proportion of non poor workers increases and that of living below the poverty line declines with the increase in the level of education and increase in the size of land ownership.

show abstract

Section: Poverty Status Of Sampled Rural Non-farm Workers In Punjabmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent and Determinants of Poverty among Rural Non-Farm Workers in Punjab

Kaur

Anupama

Toor

et al. 2021

REDR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The powerful and the powerless both recognize this relational position with an established sense-making logic that one could not, from the bottom of the socio-economic rung, contest elections or make an enemy of the rich and powerful. Exacerbated by lack of access, knowledge and recourse (NLM interviews), this shared individual and collective identity, habitus and worldview were carried and acted upon (Aubron et al, 2015;Deaton and Dreze, 2002), limiting not only current action of the rural poor but also future aspirations (Connolly and Healy, 2004).…”

Section: Indian Contextfield Players and Capitalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social audit, accountability and accounting – an Indian perspective

Chawla

2020

JAEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposeThe purpose of this case study is to investigate the role of a governmental social audit (SA) practice in enabling emancipation, and changing patterns in the balance of power, position and understandings between dominant micro actors and disenfranchised rural citizens.Design/methodology/approachEnlisting Bourdieu's practice theory concepts of field, habitus, capitals and symbolic violence, the case study is informed by semi-structured interviews at central, state, district, block and village levels as well field observations and secondary data. This study is a part of a larger critical accounting research project conducted in India over four months, covering eight annual implementation cycles.FindingsThe study demonstrates that despite entrenched hegemonic micro forces and public sector corruption, SA's accounting and accountability practices have altered the rules of the game in this field. This emancipatory perspective has redefined deep-seated, generational patterns of power relations and domination, impacting the distribution of capitals and habitus in the daily life of rural citizens.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides an alternative perspective to understanding governmental SA formats in developing nation contexts at the micro level. In line with Celerier and Botey's (2015) focus on inclusionary and democratic participation, this study challenges the dominant perspective of accounting as strengthening power asymmetries and focuses on its potential as an emancipatory agent.Originality/valueThe paper provides a site of effective implementation of a participative accountability practice in developing nation contexts that offer suggestions to states, countries and policy-makers. This paper also adds to critical accounting literature in the field of SA and social services at a micro level. Drawing upon Bourdieu in this underexplored field, it shines a light on relational elements of change through accounting and accountability practices for researchers and practitioners.

show abstract

“…Entrons donc maintenant au coeur de deux systèmes agraires du Gujarat (Lehoux, 2014 ;Lucas, 2014 ;Aubron et al, 2015), État du Nord-Ouest de l'Inde qui connaît une forte croissance économique depuis deux décennies (Bagchi et al, 2005 ;Dixit, 2009). Cette dynamique et les réformes qui la sous-tendent lui valent souvent d'être érigé en modèle de croissance et d'émergence à même d'inspirer le restant de l'Inde : une transition agraire plus canonique que celle décrite aux chapitres précédents s'y affirmerait-elle ?…”

Section: Les Vicissitudes De La Transition Agraire Dans Deux Cantons unclassified

“…Les travailleurs salariés sont les Adivasis des montagnes dans le canton Sud, les sans-terres les plus pauvres dans le canton Nord, auxquels s'ajoutent, pour certains travaux, des salariés en provenance de régions plus pauvres de l'Inde. Notre évaluation de la valeur ajoutée moyenne par jour de travail 18 pour les principaux systèmes de culture pratiqués dans les deux zones irriguées montre que celle-ci est deux à cinq fois supérieure au salaire agricole journalier (Aubron et al, 2015). Les propriétaires récupèrent ainsi la majeure partie de la richesse créée, pour une contribution au travail souvent minime (dans certains cas elle n'atteint pas 5 % du temps de travail).…”

Section: Rechercheunclassified

Growth and agricultural labour productivity in India: a political economy of divergence (1950-2014)

Dorin¹,

Aubron²

2016

economierurale

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite an average annual economic growth of 7% over twenty years, as against a population growth of 1.7% for the same period, in 2011 nearly 55% of the Indian workforce is still dependent on agriculture. Our paper, based on three levels of analysis (international comparisons since 1970, political economy since independence in 1947, micro-located agrarian diagnosis in 2014), shows how the subcontinent remains trapped in a path diametrically opposite to the canonical model of growth. The agricultural workforce increases instead of decreasing, along with the labour productivity gap between farm and nonfarm workers. The economic reforms of 1991 boosted growth in the nonfarm sector but the latter generates few jobs. This exacerbates the land-labour ratio (0.65 ha per agricultural worker in 2011), aggravated locally by unequal access to land, water and value added. Such a structural transformation calls for institutional and technical innovations adapted to this typical Asian context.Malgré 7% de croissance économique annuelle moyenne en vingt ans contre 1,7% pour la population, près de 55% des actifs indiens dépendent encore de l’agriculture en 2011. Notre exposé, articulé sur trois niveaux d’analyse (comparaisons internationales depuis 1970, économie politique depuis l’Indépendance en 1947, diagnostic agraire micro-localisé en 2014), montre comment le sous-continent demeure piégé dans une trajectoire opposée au modèle canonique de croissance : la population active agricole augmente au lieu de régresser, de même que son écart de revenu moyen avec les autres actifs. La libéralisation économique a bien dopé la croissance non agricole mais cette dernière s’avère bien trop pauvre en emplois. Ceci exacerbe une pression foncière (0,65 ha/actif en 2011) aggravée localement par d’inégaux accès à la terre, à l’eau et à la valeur ajoutée. Une telle transformation structurelle appelle des innovations institutionnelles et techniques adaptées à ces contextes typiquement asiatiques

show abstract

Poverty and inequality in rural India

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Extent and Determinants of Poverty among Rural Non-Farm Workers in Punjab

Extent and Determinants of Poverty among Rural Non-Farm Workers in Punjab

Social audit, accountability and accounting – an Indian perspective

Growth and agricultural labour productivity in India: a political economy of divergence (1950-2014)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About