Poultry litter as biomass energy: A review and future perspectives

Dalólio, Felipe Santos; Silva, Jadir Nogueira da; Oliveira, Angélica Cássia Carneiro de; Tinôco, Ilda de Fátima Ferreira; Barbosa, Rúben Christiam; Resende, Michael de Oliveira; Albino, Luiz Fernando Teixeira; Coelho, Suani Teixeira

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.03.104

Cited by 151 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…can be used to create a barrier that retains N reducing NH 3 emission to the atmosphere [26]. Besides being used as fertilizer, another use for poultry litter waste is as an energy source since it is rich in volatile materials [27]. Recent research investigating the combustion process of poultry litter has found that combusting biomass waste (poultry litter) with fossil fuels (coal, natural gas etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a New Manure Amendment on Ammonia Emissions from Poultry Litter

Anderson¹,

Moore

Martin

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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Treating manure with aluminum sulfate (alum) is a best management practice (BMP) which reduces ammonia (NH3) emissions and phosphorus (P) runoff from poultry litter. However, the price of alum has increased markedly in recent years, creating a need for less expensive products to control NH3 volatilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a new litter amendment made from alum mud, bauxite, and sulfuric acid (alum mud litter amendment or AMLA) on NH3 emissions, litter chemistry, and poultry production in a pen trial. Three separate flocks of 1000 broilers were used for this study. The first flock of birds was used to produce the poultry litter needed for the experiment. The second and third flocks of birds were allocated to 20 pens in a randomized block design with four replicates of five treatments: (1) control, (2) 49 kg AMLA/100 m2 incorporated, (3) 98 kg AMLA/100 m2 incorporated, (4) 98 kg AMLA/100 m2 surface applied, and (5) 98 kg alum/100 m2 incorporated. Ammonia flux measurements and litter samples were collected from each pen at day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42. The average litter pH for both flocks was higher in untreated litter (7.92) compared to incorporating alum (7.32) or AMLA (7.18). The two flocks’ average NH4-N concentrations at day 42 were 38% and 30% higher for the high rates of incorporated alum and AMLA compared to the untreated litter. Compared with untreated litter, AMLA reduced overall NH3 emissions by 27% to 52% which was not significantly different from reductions in emissions by alum (35%). Alum mud litter amendment reduced cumulative NH3 losses from litter as much as, and in some cases more than, alum applied at the same rate. These data indicate that AMLA, which can be manufactured for lower price than alum, is an effective alternative litter amendment for reducing NH3 emissions from poultry litter.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a New Manure Amendment on Ammonia Emissions from Poultry Litter

Anderson¹,

Moore

Martin

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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“…This technique is applied all over the world but causes hazards to both crops and human health as a consequence of the negative effect of decomposing manure on various components of the natural environment. The effect of excessive soil conditioning can take the following forms: eutrophication, phytotoxic effects on succeeding crops, propagation of pathogens, pollution of atmospheric air and emission of greenhouse gases [3]. In Poland, using chicken manure as a raw material in crop fertilization as well as in mushroom cultivation are two main ways of its application and utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Energy Potential of Chicken Manure in Poland

et al. 2019

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Animal waste, including chicken manure, is a category of biomass considered for application in the energy industry. Poland is leading poultry producer in Europe, with a chicken population assessed at over 176 million animals. This paper aims to determine the theoretical and technical energy potential of chicken manure in Poland. The volume of chicken manure was assessed as 4.49 million tons per year considering three particular poultry rearing systems. The physicochemical properties of examined manure specimens indicate considerable conformity with the data reported in the literature. The results of proximate and ultimate analyses confirm a considerable effect of the rearing system on the energy parameters of the manure. The heating value of the chicken manure was calculated for the high moisture material in the condition as received from the farms. The value of annual theoretical energy potential in Poland was found to be equal to around 40.38 PJ. Annual technical potential of chicken biomass determined for four different energy conversion paths occurred significantly smaller then theoretical and has the value from 9.01 PJ to 27.3 PJ. The bigger energy degradation was found for heat and electricity production via anaerobic digestion path, while fluidized bed combustion occurred the most efficient scenario.

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“…Small or modular pyrolysis units situated directly on poultry farms could produce sufficient bio-oil to make a farm self-sustainable by off-setting fossil fuel consumption for heating poultry houses resulting in economic sustainability and also providing bio-fertiliser for soil amendment (nutrient rich biochar). A recent review paper analysed the characteristics of poultry litter as fuel and explored different thermochemical conversion processes for energy integration [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

et al. 2019

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Livestock production is among the most rapidly growing sectors of the agricultural economy driven primarily by growing demand for animal protein, but also posing significant waste disposal issues and environmental impacts. Moreover, opportunities exist for utilising animal waste at the farm level for heat and power generation (thermal conversion) which can contribute to economic sustainability and also provide a bio-fertiliser for soil amendment. The present study is focused on energy and nutrient recovery from poultry litter using a thermochemical conversion technology (fast pyrolysis). The formation of products (gases, biochar and bio-oil) during the fast pyrolysis of poultry litter was experimentally investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidised bed reactor. Pyrolytic gases accounted for 15–22 wt.% of the product. The carbon content in biochar increased from 47 to 48.5 wt.% with an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Phosphorous and potassium recovery in the biochar were over 75%, suggesting that it could be used as an organic soil amendment. The high ash content in poultry litter (14.3 wt.%) resulted in low bio-oil and high biochar yield. The bio-oil yield was over 27 wt.% with a higher heating value of 32.17 MJ/kg (dry basis). The total acid number of the bio-oil decreased from 46.30 to 38.50 with an increase in temperature. The nitrogen content in the bio-oil produced from the poultry litter (>7 wt.%) was significantly higher compared to bio-oil produced from the wood (0.1 wt.%).

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Poultry litter as biomass energy: A review and future perspectives

Cited by 151 publications

References 79 publications

Effect of a New Manure Amendment on Ammonia Emissions from Poultry Litter

Effect of a New Manure Amendment on Ammonia Emissions from Poultry Litter

Assessment of the Energy Potential of Chicken Manure in Poland

Fast Pyrolysis of Poultry Litter in a Bubbling Fluidised Bed Reactor: Energy and Nutrient Recovery

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