Potentiometric enzyme electrode in a flow injection system for the determination of urea in human serum samples

Wałcerz, Izabela; Głąb, Stanisław; Koncki, Robert

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00222-0

Cited by 50 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…13 FIA systems were also developed for numerous biocatalytic determinations with potentiometric detection. An urea biosensor with urease covalently bound to the carboxylated PVC based ammonium ISE was used in FIA system for the determination of urea in human serum samples 14 and for hemodialysis 15 control. Several FIA systems with potentiometric detection have been developed for the determination of pesticides based on inhibition of immobilized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in flow-through enzyme reactors.…”

Section: Flow Analysis With Electrochemical Detectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements

Trojanowicz

2005

Annali di Chimica

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Section: Flow Analysis With Electrochemical Detectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements

Trojanowicz

2005

Annali di Chimica

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“…This was demonstrated for determination of free cadmium ions with cadmium ISE [22], and simultaneous determination of free and total fluoride [32]. FIA systems in recent years have been used with numerous new membrane systems and new concepts of potentiometric measurements.…”

Section: Flow Analysis With Potentiometric Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A urea biosensor with urease covalently bound to the carboxylated PVC based ammonium ISE was used in FIA system for determination of urea in human serum samples [32] and for control of hemodialysis [33]. In the latter case the interferences from other components of the spent dialyzate, mainly potassium ions, were eliminated using a reference cell with non-sensitized ammonium-ion electrode.…”

Section: Flow Analysis With Potentiometric Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements–Recent Advances

2003

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As general trends in current development of chemical analysis, including electroanalysis, one can indicate a search for methods fast and multianalyte, for miniaturized measuring devices, mechanization and automation of analytical processes. In all these trends a significant role is played by measurements in flow conditions. The major advantage of flow electroanalysis is a possibility of utilizing a kinetic discrimination in potentiometric measurements and enhancement of mass transport in voltammetric techniques. Flow injection techniques provide shortening of time of a single analytical determination due to reproducible use of transient signal from the detector without need of obtaining a steady-state equilibrium signal. Electrochemical detection in HPLC gives often improved selectivity and detection limit for electroactive solutes, whereas in capillary electrophoresis it allows a convenient design of portable, integrated chips for field application. This review presents state-of-the -art of flow electroanalysis based on 226 cited literature references

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“…The urease enzyme was entrapped within the polyion composite film and a stable, rapid response signal for urea was achieved [7,8]. Additionally, Adeloju et al [11,12] have developed a polypyrroleurease (PPy-Urs) film that detects urea using flow injection analysis, a concept that was also utilised by Walcerz and co-workers with promising results [13]. In more recent years, urea has been detected by ion selective optical sensors that detect the ammonium ions generated from urea via the urease enzyme [14] field effect transistors (ISFETs) [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The development of a novel urea sensor using polypyrrole

Hamilton

Breslin

2014

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tThe urease enzyme (Urs) was successfully incorporated into a polypyrrole film (PPy) in one simple electropolymerisation step. The films were formed using different dopant anions. The polypyrrole-urease-chloride film (PPy-Urs-Cl) was deposited from a simple chloride dopant, and the polypyrrole-urease-sulfonated-␤-cyclodextrin (PPy-Urs-SCD) was formed using a sulfonated-␤-cyclodextrin (SCD) dopant. The presence of the Urs within the polymer film was evident from the fibrous morphology, observed in the SEM micrographs, and the presence of nickel, arising from the active site of the urease enzyme. The sensing ability of the films and their enzyme-free counterparts (i.e., PPy-Cl and PPy-SCD) towards urea was investigated. The dopant anion plays an important role in the sensitivity of the polymer films towards urea. The PPy-Urs-SCD film has a superior sensitivity of 5.79 C M −1 compared to 0.76 C M −1 for the PPy-Urs-Cl polymer film. Furthermore, the negative groups on the SCD eliminate interference from common interfering compounds, such as ascorbic acid.

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Potentiometric enzyme electrode in a flow injection system for the determination of urea in human serum samples

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements

Electroanalytical Flow Measurements–Recent Advances

The development of a novel urea sensor using polypyrrole

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