Potentials of Thermal Energy Storage Integrated into Steam Power Plants

Krüger, Michael; Muslubas, Selman; Loeper, Thomas; Klasing, Freerk; Knödler, Philipp; Mielke, Christian

doi:10.3390/en13092226

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Often the impact of storage integration on flexibility can, however, be considered as too low in the hundred MW scale plants. The maximum load variation is below 5% in [70], for around 13% in [178] and with more extensive TES integration separately for high temperature reheated steam and lower temperature feed water regeneration up to 50% in [179]. Only in the smaller plants, such as industrial CHP, can the examples of larger load variation up to 100% be found as in the case of thermochemical storage in [180].…”

Section: Tes Systems For Cbmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The addition of PCM to the tanks is proposed to improve the thermal capacity at the same volume. A drop in the pressure during the discharging of the tanks is another disadvantage [69,70]. For the CB applications, a similar size can be expected as that for similar systems for small steam parabolic trough flexible plants as 2 MW/6-24 MWh units [71].…”

Section: Reversible Rc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development

et al. 2022

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Carnot batteries are a quickly developing group of technologies for medium and long duration electricity storage. It covers a large range of concepts which share processes of a conversion of power to heat, thermal energy storage (i.e., storing thermal exergy) and in times of need conversion of the heat back to (electric) power. Even though these systems were already proposed in the 19th century, it is only in the recent years that this field experiences a rapid development, which is associated mostly with the increasing penetration of intermittent cheap renewables in power grids and the requirement of electricity storage in unprecedented capacities. Compared to the more established storage options, such as pumped hydro and electrochemical batteries, the efficiency is generally much lower, but the low cost of thermal energy storage in large scale and long lifespans comparable with thermal power plants make this technology especially feasible for storing surpluses of cheap renewable electricity over typically dozens of hours and up to days. Within the increasingly extensive scientific research of the Carnot Battery technologies, commercial development plays the major role in technology implementation. This review addresses the gap between academia and industry in the mapping of the technologies under commercial development and puts them in the perspective of related scientific works. Technologies ranging from kW to hundreds of MW scale are at various levels of development. Some are still in the stage of concepts, whilst others are in the experimental and pilot operations, up to a few commercial installations. As a comprehensive technology review, this paper addresses the needs of both academics and industry practitioners.

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Section: Tes Systems For Cbmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Reversible Rc Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development

et al. 2022

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“…Cao et al [ 18 ] proposed an additional thermodynamic cycle, improving load flexibility by a separate turbine powered by a TES. Krüger et al [ 19 ] found that molten salt and solid medium TES can reduce the minimum load of a CFPP by 3–4%Pe, while the RTE ranges between 46 and 82 %. Above studies demonstrated the feasibility of integrating TES technologies in CFPPs to improve plant flexibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving power ramp rate of a coal-fired power plant by a bypass steam accumulator

Ding,

Tan

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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“…Such solid-based thermal energy storage systems also play a central role-in addition to the activities within the Energy Lab 2.0 project-in efficiency improvements and flexibilization of conventional [6,7] and solar thermal power plants [8,9] as well as in industrial processes [10,11]. In addition, these thermal storage options are key requirements in largescale electrical energy storage systems to achieve high efficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrically Heated High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage with Dual Operating Modes: From Concept to Validation

Dreißigacker,

Lucht

2023

Energies

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The expansion of renewable energy sources and sustainable infrastructures for the generation of electrical and thermal energies and fuels increasingly requires efforts to develop efficient technological solutions and holistically balanced systems to ensure a stable energy supply with high energy utilization. For investigating such systems, a research infrastructure was established within the nationally funded project Energy Lab 2.0 including essential components for generation, conversion and storage of different energy sources. One element includes a thermal energy storage (TES) system based on solid materials, which was supplemented by an electrically heated storage component. Hereby, the overall purpose is to efficiently generate and store high-temperature heat from electrical energy with high specific powers during the charging period and provide thermal energy during the discharging period. Today’s solutions focus on convective electrical heating elements, creating, however, two major challenges for large-scale systems: limited load gradients due to existing systemic inertias and limited operating temperatures of 700 °C in the MW scale. To overcome such restrictions, a novel electrically heated storage component with dual operating modes was developed. The central component of this solution is a ring-shaped honeycomb body based on an SiC ceramic with electrical heating registers on the inside and outside. This configuration allows, in storage operation, instantaneous direct heating of the honeycomb body via thermal radiation. At the end of systemic start-up procedures, an operational change toward a convective heating system takes place, whereby the high-temperature heat previously stored is transferred to downstream components. The simulation studies performed for such a component show, for both operating modes, high operating temperatures of over 800 °C with simultaneous high electrothermal efficiencies of up to 90%. Experimental investigations on a 100 kW scale at the DLR test facility HOTREG in Stuttgart confirmed the feasibility, performance and good agreement with simulation results for a selected honeycomb geometry with a mass of 181 kg. With its successful testing and good scalability, the developed component opens up high use case potentials in future Power-to-Heat-to-Power applications, particularly for Brayton process-based Carnot batteries and adiabatic compressed air energy storage systems.

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Potentials of Thermal Energy Storage Integrated into Steam Power Plants

Cited by 25 publications

References 12 publications

Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development

Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development

Improving power ramp rate of a coal-fired power plant by a bypass steam accumulator

Electrically Heated High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage with Dual Operating Modes: From Concept to Validation

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