Potentials of Endophytic Fungi in the Biosynthesis of Versatile Secondary Metabolites and Enzymes

Slama, Houda Ben; Bouket, Ali Chenari; Alenezi, Faizah N.; Pourhassan, Zeinab; Golińska, Patrycja; Oszako, Tomasz; Belbahri, Lassaâd

doi:10.3390/f12121784

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The endophytes help the plants by helping in nutrient acquisition, block the entry of pathogenic microorganisms, provide stress tolerance, and enhance the secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical importance ( Omomowo and Babalola, 2019 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). In addition, endophytic microbes produce therapeutically important bioactive molecules similar to the host plant like Taxol, azadirachtin, camptothecin, and podophyllotoxin ( Gupta et al, 2020 ; Slama et al, 2021 ). However, their large-scale production through fermentation has numerous hurdles ranging from instability in gene expression to losing the trait during repeated sub-culturing ( Kusari et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella aerogenes modulates plant growth and bacoside biosynthesis in Bacopa monnieri

et al. 2022

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Bacopa monnieri is the main source of pharmaceutically important bacosides; however, the low content of these molecules in planta remains a limiting factor for fulfilling the industrial requirement. The accumulation of secondary metabolites can be enhanced in plants upon inoculation with endophytes. In this study, we isolated and analyzed the culturable endophytes associated with different plant parts. By analyzing their impact on plant growth parameters (in vitro and in vivo) and Bacoside A content, we found few candidates which increased bacoside accumulation significantly. Finally, two promising endophytes namely Bacillus subtilis (OK070745) and Klebsiella aerogenes (OK070774) were co-cultivated with B. monnieri cuttings singly and in combination mode to clarify their effect on bacoside biosynthesis and their accumulation in B. monnieri shoot. Consortium-inoculated plants significantly enhanced the plant biomass and Bacoside A content with respect to single inoculation. The results of real-time quantitative (RT-PCR) revealed significant accumulation of bacoside biosynthetic pathway transcripts (HMGCR, PMVK, FDPS, SQS, and β-AS) in the case of plants inoculated with microbial combination, while the single inoculation of B. subtilis diverted the plant’s machinery toward the synthesis of phenylpropanoid genes like CCR, CAD, CHS, and HST. In addition, higher expression of MYB 2 and WRKY 1 transcription factors in combinational treatment points out their probable role in better physiological and developmental processes. Altogether, this is the first study on B. monnieri-endophyte interaction showing improvement in the accumulation of bacoside A by modulating various genes of metabolic pathway and thus suggests an effective “green approach” for augmenting in planta production of pharmaceutically important bacosides.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergism of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella aerogenes modulates plant growth and bacoside biosynthesis in Bacopa monnieri

et al. 2022

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“…Endophytic fungi are a rich source of secondary metabolites that act as biologically active agents [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and can be applied directly or indirectly in several biotechnological areas, such as medicine, pharmacy, bioremediation, and agriculture [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioprospecting the Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Noni (Morinda citrifolia) against Bacterial Spot of the Passion Fruit Tree

et al. 2022

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Bacterial spot, which is the main disease occurring in passion fruit trees, is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae, leading to large annual losses in passion fruit crops. This study aims to find extracts and/or bioactive compounds of endophytic fungi of noni (Morinda citrifolia) to treat bacterial spot in passion fruit trees. Nine fungi isolated from a specimen of M. citrifolia from the Brazilian Amazon are studied. The fungus Guignardia mangiferae NF17 shows the best inhibition results and is selected for the isolation of its secondary metabolites by chromatography techniques. The isolated compounds Sydowinol (S1) and Sydowinin A (S2) are identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Compounds S1 and S2, as well as the acetonitrile extract from the biomass of G. mangiferae NF17, are tested against four strains of X. axonopodis pv. passiflorae obtained from plants infected by bacterial spot, and which inhibited bacterial growth up to the lowest concentration tested (3.125 µg/mL). This study reports, for the first time, the antibacterial activity against X. axonopodis pv. passiflorae by the compounds Sydowinol and Sydowinin A. Compounds S1 and S2 are reported for the first time for the genus Gignardia.

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“…In this association, the host plant protects and makes available the exudate produced by its roots as a source of energy for the endophytic, which, in response, produces metabolites that promote plant growth and confer resistance to external conditions. In parasitism, the endophytic starts to exert pathogenic action on its host, as is observed in some varieties of rice, tomato, wheat, soybean, cotton, citrus, and others [ 35 , 36 , 37 ]. The endophytic can co-exist and establish a type of relation of neutralism.…”

Section: Natural Products From Endophytic Microorganisms As a Resourc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endophytic Fungi as a Source of Antibacterial Compounds—A Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria

2022

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Bacterial resistance has become one of the main motives in the worldwide race for undescribed antibacterial agents. The difficulties in the treatment of bacterial infections are a public health issue that increasingly highlights the need for antimicrobial agents. Endophytic microorganisms are a promising alternative in the search for drugs, due to the vast number of metabolites produced with unique characteristics and bioactive potential. This review highlights the importance of endophytic microorganisms as a source of secondary metabolites in the search for active molecules against bacteria of medical importance, with a special focus on gram-negative species. This fact is supported by the findings raised in this review, which brings an arsenal of 166 molecules with characterized chemical structures and their antibacterial activities. In addition, the low cost, ease of maintenance, and optimization-controlled fermentation conditions favor reproducibility in commercial scale. Given their importance, it is necessary to intensify the search for new molecules from endophytic microorganisms, and to increasingly invest in this very promising font.

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Potentials of Endophytic Fungi in the Biosynthesis of Versatile Secondary Metabolites and Enzymes

Cited by 15 publications

References 143 publications

Synergism of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella aerogenes modulates plant growth and bacoside biosynthesis in Bacopa monnieri

Synergism of endophytic Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella aerogenes modulates plant growth and bacoside biosynthesis in Bacopa monnieri

Bioprospecting the Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Noni (Morinda citrifolia) against Bacterial Spot of the Passion Fruit Tree

Endophytic Fungi as a Source of Antibacterial Compounds—A Focus on Gram-Negative Bacteria

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