Potential Value of Visfatin, Omentin-1, Nesfatin-1 and Apelin in Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most lethal genitourinary malignancy. Obesity is a risk factor for RCC development. The role of adipokines in the relationship between obesity and RCC requires confirmatory evidence in the form of a systematic review and meta-analysis, specifically for visfatin, omentin-1, nesfatin-1 and apelin. A search of databases up to July 2022 (PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus) for studies reporting the association of these selected adipokines with RCC was conducted. A total of 13 studies fulfilled the selection criteria. Only visfatin (p < 0.05) and nesfatin-1 (p < 0.05) had a significant association with RCC. Meanwhile, apelin and omentin-1 showed no association with RCC. The meta-analysis results of nesfatin-1 showed no association with early-stage (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = −0.12–0.29, p = 0.41), late-stage (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.07–1.89, p = 0.23) and low-grade (OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 0.37–8.27, p = 0.48) RCC. However, nesfatin-1 showed an association with a high grade of the disease (OR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.13–0.61, p = 0.001) and poorer overall survival (OS) (HR = 3.86, 95% CI = 2.18–6.85; p < 0.01). Apelin showed no association with the risk of RCC development (mean difference = 21.15, 95% CI = −23.69–65.99, p = 0.36) and OS (HR = 1.04, 95% Cl = 0.45–2.41; p = 0.92). Although the number of studies evaluated was limited, analysis from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that visfatin and nesfatin-1 were elevated. In summary, these adipokines may play a role in the development and progression of RCC and hence may have potential diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for RCC.

The stimulation of exosome generation by visfatin polarizes M2 macrophages and enhances the motility of chondrosarcoma

“…Chondrosarcoma, a heterogeneous malignant bone tumor with a high incidence of lymphangiogenesis and a feature to spread, consists of a vital component. Visfatin is closely associated with oncogenesis, and elevated levels of visfatin expression have been related to poorer prognoses in different cancer types 40–42 . In our previous studies, we discovered that visfatin promotes PDGF‐C‐dependent angiogenesis and metastasis in human chondrosarcoma 21,22 .…”

“…Visfatin is closely associated with oncogenesis, and elevated levels of visfatin expression have been related to poorer prognoses in different cancer types. [40][41][42] In our previous studies, we discovered that visfatin promotes PDGF-C-dependent angiogenesis and metastasis in human chondrosarcoma. 21,22 We previously used the orthotopic in vivo model to provide evidence that overexpression of visfatin augments chondrosarcoma metastasis to the lungs.…”

Visfatin Facilitates VEGF-D-Induced Lymphangiogenesis through Activating HIF-1α and Suppressing miR-2277-3p in Human Chondrosarcoma

“…Chondrosarcoma, a heterogeneous malignant bone tumor with a high incidence of lymphangiogenesis and a propensity to spread, consists of a vital component [25]. Visfatin is closely associated with oncogenesis, and elevated levels of visfatin expression have been related to poorer prognoses in various cancer types [26][27][28][29]. In our previous studies, we discovered that visfatin promotes PDGF-C-dependent angiogenesis and metastasis in human chondrosarcoma [19,20].…”