Potential Use of Niosomal Hydrogel as an Ocular Delivery System for Atenolol

Abstract

Niosomes have been reported as possible approach to improve the low corneal penetration and bioavailability characteristics for many drugs. The purpose of this study was to prepare and characterize an effective ocular niosomal hydrogel containing 0.5% (w/v) atenolol which is β1 adrenoceptor blocker for treatment of glaucoma. Thin film hydration method was used for the preparation of niosomes using Span 60 and cholesterol at different molar ratios. Niosomes were characterized using laser diffraction particle size analyzer, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that higher entrapment efficiency (80.7% 1.2) was obtained from niosomes prepared using Span 60/cholesterol at a 2 : 1 molar ratio. Stability study revealed that a fairly high retention of atenolol inside vesicles (83.1% 2.35) up to a period of 3 months at 4°C. It was found that niosomal hydrogel formulation using carbopol 934P significantly exhibited sustained in vitro release of the drug compared with free drug solution and other polymeric hydrogels. The intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering activity of selected atenolol formulations was determined and compared with that of atenolol solution. It is worth noting that niosomal hydrogel formulation was found to show the most significant prolonged decrease in IOP, suggesting that niosomal hydrogel could be a promising delivery system for atenolol.

Formulation of Span 80 niosomes modified with SDS for lactic acid entrapment

“…Cholesterol increased the lactic acid entrapment efficiency, niosome size, and the zeta potential absolute value, which varied from 6%, 181 nm, and −25 mV in formulations without cholesterol (experiment 5) to 12%, 260 nm, and −61 mV in the 10 mol/m 3 cholesterol formulation (experiment 7), respectively. These results are in agreement with those obtained by other researchers for the entrapment of hydrophilic solutes in niosomes, such as calcein [1,18], salicylic acid [3], mannitol [37], cromolyn sodium [38], and atenolol [39].…”

Niosomes encapsulated in biohydrogels for tunable delivery of phytoalexin resveratrol

“…The release rate depends on the composition and chemical structure of the biopolymers, among other factors. 21 Studies employing this kind of systems have been focused in the eld of pharmacotherapeutics for the treatment of cancer, [22][23][24][25] acne, 26 pain, 27 psoriasis, 28 ocular hypertension, 29,30 alopecia, 31 vitiligo, 32 among other diseases. [33][34][35][36] Among different biopolymers commonly used for the preparation of hydrogels, gelatin and carrageenans have been extensively studied and used in numerous applications.…”

Management of Glaucoma: Effective Drug Delivery via Niosomes

“…Niosomal hydrogel of atenolol was formulated using various polymers (chitosan, carbopol 934P, sodium alginate). Atenolol/Carbopol hydrogel showed best result with 4.33 fold increase in AUC after 8 h of administration 42 .  Combination Dosage Form: Niosomes were prepared by thin film hydration technique using by using brimonidine tartrate and timolol maleate.…”