Potential substitution of the root with the leaf in the use of Moringa oleifera for antimicrobial, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties

Tshabalala, Thulani; Ndhlala, A.R.; Ncube, Bhekumthetho; Abdelgadir, H.A.; Staden, J. Van

doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.01.029

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Furthermore, hypertension-induced tissue damage is associated with increased oxidative stress [37]. Other studies have reported comparisons of in vitro antioxidant capacity (root and leaf) with general agreement of higher antioxidant capacity in leaf over root [38,39,40,41]. Jamuna et al reported significant antioxidant activity of both leaf and root extracts [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Aremu

Oyedeji

et al. 2019

Antioxidants

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Oxidative stress has gained attention as one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the development of hypertension. The present study investigated in vitro and in vivo antioxidant effects of 70% ethanol-water (v/v) leaf and root extracts of T. officinale (TOL and TOR, respectively). Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant extracts were assessed using Folin Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods; while, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) protocols were used to determine the free radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacities (TAC), respectively. The in vivo total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde acid (MDA) levels for lipid peroxidation tests were performed on organ homogenate samples from Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats treated with leaf extract, TOL (500 mg/kg/day) and TOR (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. Results showed that compared to TOR, TOL possessed significantly higher (p < 0.01) polyphenol (4.35 ± 0.15 compared to 1.14 ± 0.01) and flavonoid (23.17 ± 0.14 compared to 3 ± 0.05) content; free radical scavenging activity (EC50 0.37 compared to 1.34 mg/mL) and total antioxidant capacities (82.56% compared to 61.54% ABTS, and 156 ± 5.28 compared to 40 ± 0.31 FRAP) and both extracts showed no toxicity (LD50 > 5000 mg/kg). TOL and TOR significantly (p < 0.01) elevated TAC and reduced MDA levels in targets organs. In conclusion, T. officinale leaf extract possesses significant anti-oxidant effects which conferred significant in vivo antioxidant protection against free radical-mediated oxidative stress in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Aremu

Oyedeji

et al. 2019

Antioxidants

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“…Chief amongst these phenolic compounds are quercetin, kaempferol, ellagic acid, gallic acid and ferulic acid which all are known antioxidants [71,72,75]. Herbal mixture number two contains plant species which has rutin, Vitis vinifera L. and Moringa oleifera Lam., which is an important plant metabolite with vast pharmacological properties including anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-radiation, antioxidant and anti-myocardial hypoxia activity [73]. Some of these properties have been cited as the prime use of the herbal mixture and activity have been confirmed in the tests done in this and other studies.…”

Section: Oleuropeinmentioning

confidence: 55%

Exploring the anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activities and cytotoxicity of two fermented commercial herbal concoctions sold in Limpopo Province of South Africa

Ntlhamu

Ndhlala

Masoko

2021

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background and objectives The use of herbal concoctions is very popular in South Africa, including Limpopo Province. The herbal concoctions are claimed to be capable of treating numerous illnesses such as ulcers, cancer, HIV/AIDS, diabetes, certain STDs, blood cleansing to mention but a few. The focus of this study was to evaluate the anti-HIV 1 reverse transcriptase, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activities as well as cytotoxic effects of 2 fermented herbal concoctions used for the treatment of the related ailments in Limpopo province of South Africa. Method Two fermented herbal concoctions obtained from a herbalist in Polokwane were extracted with 80% acetone. The anti-HIV activity of the herbal concoctions was determined using the anti-HIV reverse transcriptase assay. The anti-cancer and cytotoxic effects of the herbal concoctions were evaluated using cancerous Human Colon (HT-29) cells and the normal human Hepatoma cells (C3A) respectively. Results Notable anti-HIV reverse transcriptase activity was observed from the 80% acetone fraction of herbal concoction 1 (IC50 38.031 μg/mL) which exhibited better activity than the positive control Lamivudine (IC50 40.90 μg/mL). There was variation in the anti-inflammation activity as determined by the sPL2, 15-LOX and COX enzyme assays. The only concerning matter was the high COX-1 activity in some of the extracts, which is not desirable due to the mucosal protection action of COX-1 enzyme. The herbal concoctions did not exhibit cytotoxic effects on normal human cells, however, toxicity against cancerous cells was observed. Conclusion The herbal concoctions displayed some considerable pharmacological effects against various ailments as claimed by the herbalist. More work to ascertain the toxicity of both concoctions against cancerous cells need to be followed as this could lead to the discovery of anticancer drugs.

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“…This was confirmed by Leone et al [51], who observed that M. oleifera plants grown in water stressful environments had greater amounts of total phenolics and antioxidant capacities. The plant part also plays a role, as leaves have higher amounts of phenolics when compared to roots [52]. Other factors affecting phenolic acid concentration include the harvesting stage of the plant, cultivar of M. oleifera and the extraction method used [53,54,55].…”

Section: Phytochemicals In Moringa Oleiferamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In leaves, they contribute to about 3.2% of dry matter [69]. However, the roots of the M. oleifera have more of condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins) than leaves, which results in the roots having a higher antioxidant activity [52]. This is because tannins are involved in the reduction of peroxyl radicals due to hydroxyl groups (OH-) [70].…”

Section: Phytochemicals In Moringa Oleiferamentioning

confidence: 99%

Scribbling the Cat: A Case of the “Miracle” Plant, Moringa oleifera

Tshabalala

Ncube

Madala

et al. 2019

Plants

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This paper reviews the properties of the most cultivated species of the Moringaceae family, Moringa oleifera Lam. The paper takes a critical look at the positive and the associated negative properties of the plant, with particular emphasis on its chemistry, selected medicinal and nutritional properties, as well as some ecological implications of the plant. The review highlights the importance of glucosinolates (GS) compounds which are relatively unique to the Moringa species family, with glucomoriginin and its acylated derivative being the most abundant. We highlight some new research findings revealing that not all M. oleifera cultivars contain an important flavonoid, rutin. The review also focuses on phenolic acids, tannin, minerals and vitamins, which are in high amounts when compared to most vegetables and fruits. Although there are numerous benefits of using M. oleifera for medicinal purposes, there are reports of contraindications. Nonetheless, we note that there are no major harmful effects of M. oleifera that have been reported by the scientific community. M. oleifera is suspected to be potentially invasive and moderately invasive in some regions of the world because of its ability to grow in a wide range of environmental conditions. However, the plant is currently classified as a low potential invasive species and thus there is a need to constantly monitor the species. Despite the numerous benefits associated with the plant, there is still a paucity of data on clinical trials proving both the positive and negative effects of the plant. We recommend further clinical trials to ascertain the properties associated with the plant, especially regarding long term use.

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Potential substitution of the root with the leaf in the use of Moringa oleifera for antimicrobial, antidiabetic and antioxidant properties

Cited by 52 publications

References 52 publications

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Properties of Taraxacum officinale in Nω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME)-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Exploring the anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activities and cytotoxicity of two fermented commercial herbal concoctions sold in Limpopo Province of South Africa

Scribbling the Cat: A Case of the “Miracle” Plant, Moringa oleifera

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