POTENTIAL ROLE OF MILK THISTLE SEED AND ITS OIL EXTRACTS AGAINST HEART AND BRAIN INJURIES INDUCED BY Γ-Radiation EXPOSURE

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Silybum marianum (S. marianum) seeds extract its oil fraction against damage effect of γ-radiation in female albino rats.Methods: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction was used for the extraction of S. marianum seeds. Lipid patterns of S. marianum seeds oil were elucidated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). S. marianum seeds extract was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and metallothionein (MT) were estimated in heart and brain tissues of the examined rats. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) were measured in the serum of the examined rats, and the brain biomarkers; dopamine and serotonin were also measured. Results:The oil was found to be rich in linoleic acid (58.20%) and arachidic acid (23.38%). S. marianum seeds extract revealed the presence of taxifolin and six main active constituents of silymarin, including silydianin, silychristin, silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A and isosilybin B. Treatment of γ-radiation damage effect using S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction led to a significant reduction of MDA levels in heart (139.6 and 165.5 nmol/g, respectively) and brain (158.5 and 135.2 nmol/g, respectively) tissues, however, significant increase of GSH levels in heart (316.4 and 293 mg/g, respectively) and brain (210.4 and 227 mg/g, respectively) tissues was observed, also a significant increase of dopamine levels (85.27 and 65.74 ng/g, respectively) and MT levels of heart tissues (108.5 and 70.52 mg/g, respectively) was observed. Conclusion:S. marianum seeds extract and its oil fraction showed a protective effect against γ-radiation-induced damage in heart and brain.

Evaluation of Glucosamine Effect Against Heart and Brain Damage Induced by Y-radiation or Aluminium Chloride in Female Rats

“…This result is in accordance with Sarin and coauthors [34] and Newairy and coauthors [35], who referred dyslipidemia to aluminium accumulation in the liver. Our results showed a decline in LDH and CPK activities post irradiation and this data is in agreement with Sherif and coauthors [36], but it is disagreed with Mansour and Tawfik [37] who reported that γ-radiation produced significant elevations in CPK and LDH. So, the great production of free radicals and lipid peroxides might cause the leakage of the cytosolic enzymes, including the aminotransferases, creatine kinase and phosphatase enzymes.…”

In Vivo Radioprotective Effects of Wheatgrass (Triticum Aestivum) Extract Against X-Irradaition-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Rats

“…In the present study, a marked increase was observed in MDA levels following whole-body X-ray exposure (Table 1). Various studies have reported that exposure to ionizing radiation results in damage to membrane lipids [37][38][39]. In addition, the formation of hydrophilic peroxide from lipophilic unsaturated fatty acid changes membrane dynamics and results in loss of structural as well as functional integrity of membrane [40].…”