Potential risk factors associated with ill-thrift in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) raised at smallholder farms in Egypt

Ali, Mohamed Abdelaal; El-Khodery, Sabry; El-said, Waleed E.

doi:10.1016/j.jare.2014.02.005

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Through the results of our study, it was found among the symptoms that appear on the emaciated cattle heavy infestation by external parasites140 cases (82.35%) This finding agrees with (Ali et al 2015) who reported that the external parasites infestation, but not internal parasites, was a potential factor causing illthrift, where 87.2% and18.2% of ill-thrift calves had external and internal parasites. Also, In the examined calves, there was poor parasitic control, where 60% of ill-thrift calves did not receive treatment for parasites.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Laboratory Studies on Emaciation and Ill-thriftiness in Cattle in New Valley Governorate

Galbat

Elnaker²,

Elzoghby³

et al. 2022

New Valley Veterinary Journal

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Cattle have an economic importance in New Valley governorate. Emaciation and poor production of cattle were the main complains of farmers. The aim of the present work is to identify the real causes of ill-thriftiness in cattle in New-Valley Governorate And evaluate the relation between emaciation and clinical sign, the hematological, biochemical parameters in blood serum of cattle and parasitology for fecal sample of emaciated cattle. This study was conducted for a period from July 2021 to June 2022. A total number of 200 cattle of different ages, sexes, and breeds from different localities in new valley governorate; EI-Karga, EL-Dakhla and Balat, classified into two groups first one includes 170 emaciated cattle and second group include (30) cattle is consider as healthy cattle (control). My study carried out on body condition score (1, 2). Clinical examination showed decrease in body weight, not increase in BW, dehydration, pale conjunctival mucous membranes (signs of anemia), infertility, reduced milk production, pica, and heavy infestation by tick. The results of hematological analysis showed that significant decrease of RBC and Hb concentration in BCS1 and BCS2, Additionally, HCT and ESINO showed significant increase in BCS1 While the results of biochemical serum analysis explained that significant decrease of serum Ca 2+ , P 3+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2++ and Gl in BCS1. On the other hand, there was significant decrease of serum P 3+ , Cu2+, Fe 2++ , and Gl concentrations were decreased in BCS2 when compared to control. The activity of liver enzymes was noted there was significant decrease of AST activity in BCS1and BCS2. While serum creatinine was significant decrease in BCS1 when compared toBCS2 and control. The results of fecal examination showed that the highest prevalence of infection was infected by protozoa, followed by infected by nematode and the lowest rate was infected by trematode. The results of the present study indicate that ill-thriftiness in cattle occur because of bad management, nutritional deficiency, and failure to use anthelmintic regularly in periodic system for eliminate both external and internal parasites, Also the nature of the soil, water, and climate in the New Valley Governorate. Identification of the risk factors associated with ill-thrift may provide useful information, which assist to construct the suitable preventive measures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical and Laboratory Studies on Emaciation and Ill-thriftiness in Cattle in New Valley Governorate

Galbat

Elnaker²,

Elzoghby³

et al. 2022

New Valley Veterinary Journal

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“…Suboptimal growth or ill-thrift is a common problem for many of livestock producers. While there are several risk factors associated with ill-thrift in calves, the transition period of weaning is considered an important factor for poor growth rate especially for early-weaned animals [ 6 ]. Weaning is a multifactorial stress or in which socio-psychologic, nutritional, and physical stressors are combined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on ill-thriftiness in early-weaned buffalo calves

Aref

El-Sebaie

Hammad³

2016

Vet World

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Aim:The present study was designed to: (1) Investigate the effect of weaning time on various metabolic indices and growth pattern in buffalo calves compared to cow calves under field condition and (2) Shed light on the potential relationship between early weaning, growth metabolites, and suboptimal growth (ill-thrift) in buffalo calves.Materials and Methods:A total number of 18 neonatal calves of both sexes and species (cattle and buffalo) were included in the study. Animals were divided into three groups according to their age at weaning as following: Cow calves (n=8) weaned at 4.5 months, buffalo calves (n=6) weaned at 3.5 months (early-weaned), and buffalo calves (n=4) weaned at 5.5 months (late-weaned). Morphological traits, growth metabolites, and hormonal profile were measured at monthly interval over the period of the study and around the time of weaning (2 weeks pre- and post-weaning).Results:The obtained results showed that the trend of growth pattern was significantly increased in a linear pattern in cow calves and late-weaned buffalo calves, whereas early-weaned buffalo calves showed sharp decline in their body weight (BW) post-weaning. By the end of the study, early-weaned buffalo calves showed the lowest BW gain (ill-thrift). There is a positive association between the morphological traits and various growth metabolites and hormonal indices. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in the concentrations of growth hormones (insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1] and insulin) and other metabolites were reported in early-weaned buffalo calves compared to other animals. There is no association between stress indices (cortisol level and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio) and growth rate.Conclusion:Suboptimal growth rate (ill-thriftiness) is common in early-weaned buffalo calves and is attributed to low blood levels of growth metabolites, in particularly, IGF-1. In addition, the strong positive associations between concentrations of IGF-1 and morphological characters of growth suggest that IGF-1 is a reliable indicator for assessing metabolic status of individual calves.

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“…However, more recent work with Egyptian river buffaloes carried out on a commercial farm showed that early weaning may lead to lower growth rates and performance similar to that of calves affected by pathological problems (e.g. diarrhea), or subjected to inappropriate housing conditions (Ali et al 2015). Pakistani Nili-Ravi buffalo calves weaned at 56 days showed lower growth rates than those calves weaned at 84 days of age and, regardless of the age at weaning, all calves had lower daily weight gain when offered milk substitute at 10% vs. 15% of body weight (Abbas et al 2017).…”

Section: Common Techniques and Routine Weaning Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weaning strategies to improve productivity and animal welfare in zebu (Bos indicus) and water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Orihuela

Mota-Rojas

Napolitano

2020

JABB

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Information on approaches to weaning zebu (Bos indicus) and water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves is scarce in proportion to studies of breeds of B. taurus cattle, whether dairy or beef. Little research has been done to test or validate methods evolved in cattle-ranching to these other species. Hence, expanding our understanding of appropriate, speciesspecific methods of weaning could support the development of approaches or strategies that have the potential to improve animal welfare and productive performance in temperate or tropical climes. This review focuses on traditional and current weaning strategies in an attempt to improve productivity and animal welfare for water buffaloes and zebus. For the case of the water buffalo, it examines common, routine weaning techniques and procedures as well as novel approaches, while for the zebu it discusses abrupt versus gradual and early versus late weaning as strategies and routines usually employed during this process. Finally, it analyses how new weaning techniques may reduce stress while enhancing productivity at the same time. These approaches include fence-line weaning, nose-flaps (plastic devices that prevent the calf from grabbing a teat to suckle), restricted suckling and a section on practical tips to decrease the stress induced by weaning in zebus. A better understanding of certain weaning techniques could, therefore, benefit calf welfare while simultaneously increasing cows' reproductive performance. Unfortunately, data on such approaches is scant, so despite published findings, several key issues remain unsolved living room for additional studies.

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Potential risk factors associated with ill-thrift in buffalo calves (Bubalus bubalis) raised at smallholder farms in Egypt

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Clinical and Laboratory Studies on Emaciation and Ill-thriftiness in Cattle in New Valley Governorate

Clinical and Laboratory Studies on Emaciation and Ill-thriftiness in Cattle in New Valley Governorate

New insights on ill-thriftiness in early-weaned buffalo calves

Weaning strategies to improve productivity and animal welfare in zebu (Bos indicus) and water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

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