Potential regulation of gene expression in photosynthetic cells by redox and energy state: approaches towards better understanding

Pfannschmidt, Thomas; Bräutigam, Katharina; Wagner, Raik; Dietzel, Lars; Schröter, Yvonne; Steiner, Sebastian; Nykytenko, A.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcn081

Cited by 187 publications

(155 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Curiously the authors of neither paper allude to this interesting finding which, together with our results, suggests redox-mediated retrograde signalling between the chloroplasts and the nucleus. A signalling role of ROS from the chloroplasts, involving induction of nuclear genes encoding defence related proteins, is well established (reviewed in Nott et al 2006;Pfannschmidt et al 2009), with H 2 O 2 as the prime candidate. Excess H 2 O 2 , produced by stress (or in our case elevated SOD activity) can diffuse from the chloroplast and, probably through mitogen-activated protein kinases (Kovtun et al 2000), trigger expression of nuclear encoded defence-related genes such as cAPX encoding an ascorbate peroxidise (Kimura et al 2001), Cat encoding catalase and Gst1 encoding Glutathione-S-transferase (Polidoros and Scandalios 1999), as well (in the C 3 -CAM transition species Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) as genes encoding Cu/Zn-, Mn-, and Fe-SOD (Slesak et al 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of chloroplasts through plastid transformation

et al. 2011

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals are generated through normal biochemical processes, but their production is increased by abiotic stresses. The prospects for enhancing ROS scavenging, and hence stress tolerance, by direct gene expression in a vulnerable cell compartment, the chloroplast, have been explored in tobacco. Several plastid transformants were generated which contained either a Nicotiana mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) or an Escherichia coli glutathione reductase (gor) gene. MnSOD lines had a three-fold increase in MnSOD activity, but interestingly a five to nine-fold increase in total chloroplast SOD activity. Gor transgenic lines had up to 6 times higher GR activity and up to 8 times total glutathione levels compared to wild type tobacco. Photosynthetic capacity of transplastomic plants, as measured by chlorophyll content and variable fluorescence of PSII was equivalent to non-transformed plants.The response of these transplastomic lines to several applied stresses was examined. In a number of cases improved stress tolerance was observed. Examples include enhanced methyl viologen (Paraquat)-induced oxidative stress tolerance in Mn-superoxidase dismutase overexpressing plants, improved heavy metal tolerance in glutathione reductase expressing lines, and improved tolerance to UV-B radiation in both sets of plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of chloroplasts through plastid transformation

et al. 2011

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“…The photosynthetic apparatus responds to changes in light intensity and quality mainly through shifts in the redox balance in the chloroplast (Walters, 2005;Pfannschmidt et al, 2009). A redox-sensitive kinase, such as STN7, is certainly responsible for short-term acclimation through state transitions (Bellafiore et al, 2005) and may also be a candidate for signaling to the nucleus for long-term transcriptional changes that regulate photosystem stoichiometry (Bonardi et al, 2005).…”

Section: Glk Function In the Context Of Whole-plant Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

et al. 2009

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Chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms harness light energy and convert it into chemical energy. In several land plants, GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors are required for chloroplast development, as glk1 glk2 double mutants are pale green and deficient in the formation of the photosynthetic apparatus. We show here that glk1 glk2 double mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana accumulate abnormal levels of chlorophyll precursors and that constitutive GLK gene expression leads to increased accumulation of transcripts for antenna proteins and chlorophyll biosynthetic enzymes. To establish the primary targets of GLK gene action, an inducible expression system was used in combination with transcriptome analysis. Following induction, transcript pools were substantially enriched in genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, light harvesting, and electron transport. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed the direct association of GLK1 protein with target gene promoters, revealing a putative regulatory cis-element. We show that GLK proteins influence photosynthetic gene expression independently of the phyB signaling pathway and that the two GLK genes are differentially responsive to plastid retrograde signals. These results suggest that GLK genes help to coregulate and synchronize the expression of a suite of nuclear photosynthetic genes and thus act to optimize photosynthetic capacity in varying environmental and developmental conditions.

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“…The contribution of these processes to the total NPQ depends on environmental conditions [115,116] and the time of their development [117]. The quantum yield of photosystem II is connected with all components of NPQ [113,118,119] as well as with the ratio of the linear and cyclic electron flows [117,120], production of reactive oxygen species [121], etc. Also, there are additional factors which can complicate interaction between photosynthetic parameters and PRI under the action of stressors.…”

Section: Conditions Of Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connection of the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) with the Photosystem II Quantum Yield and Nonphotochemical Quenching Can Be Dependent on Variations of Photosynthetic Parameters among Investigated Plants: A Meta-Analysis

Sukhova

Sukhov

2018

Remote Sensing

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Abstract:The development of spectral methods of remote sensing, including measurement of a photochemical reflectance index (PRI), is a prospective trend in precision agriculture. There are many works which have investigated the connection between photosynthetic parameters and PRI; however, their results varied and were sometimes contradictory. For this paper, we performed a meta-analysis of works in this field. Here, only linear correlations of PRI with photosynthetic parameters-including quantum yield of photosystem II (∆F/Fm'), nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (NPQ), and light use efficiency (LUE)-were investigated. First, it was shown that the correlations were dependent on conditions of PRI measurements (leaf or canopy; artificial light or sunlight). Second, it was shown that a minimal level of the photosynthetic stress, and the variation of this level among investigated plants, can influence the linear correlation of PRI with ∆F/Fm' and NPQ; the effect was dependent on conditions of measurements. In contrast, the distribution of LUE among plants did not influence its correlation with PRI. Thus, the meta-analysis shows that the distribution of photosynthetic parameters among investigated plants can be an important factor that influences the efficiency of remote sensing on the basis of the PRI measurement.

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Potential regulation of gene expression in photosynthetic cells by redox and energy state: approaches towards better understanding

Abstract: The photosynthetic function of chloroplasts represents an important sensor that integrates various abiotic changes in the environment into corresponding molecular signals, which, in turn, regulate cellular activities to counterbalance the environmental changes or stresses.

Cited by 187 publications

References 82 publications

Modification of reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of chloroplasts through plastid transformation

Modification of reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of chloroplasts through plastid transformation

GLK Transcription Factors Coordinate Expression of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Arabidopsis

Connection of the Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) with the Photosystem II Quantum Yield and Nonphotochemical Quenching Can Be Dependent on Variations of Photosynthetic Parameters among Investigated Plants: A Meta-Analysis

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