Potential pathogenic role of aggregative- adhering Corynebacterium diphtheriae of different clonal groups in endocarditis

Hirata, Raphael; Pereira, Geraldo; Filardy, Alessandra A.; Gomes, Débora Leandro Rama; Damasco, Paulo Vieira; Rosa, Ana Cláudia P.; Nagao, Prescilla Emy; Pimenta, Fabricia Pires; Mattos‐Guaraldi, Ana Luíza

doi:10.1590/s0100-879x2008001100007

Cited by 49 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…While diphtheria has almost been eradicated by vaccination programmes in many industrialized countries (Galazka, 2000;Hadfield et al, 2000;von Hunolstein et al, 2003), the disease is still a global medical challenge and especially dangerous in many resource-poor countries. Furthermore, it has become evident that C. diphtheriae infections can cause other manifestations besides diphtheria, such as bacteraemia, endocarditis, pneumonia, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and splenic abscesses (see Puliti et al, 2006 and references therein;Hirata et al, 2008;Farfour et al, 2012). These systemic infections indicate that this pathogen not only is able to attach to host epithelial cells but also must be able to gain access to deeper tissues by unknown portals of entry and to persist in these tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of the NFκ-B signal transduction pathway in response to Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection

et al. 2013

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the causative agent of diphtheria, has been thoroughly studied with respect to toxin production and pili formation, while knowledge on host responses to C. diphtheriae infection is limited. In this study, we studied adhesion to and invasion of epithelial cells by different C. diphtheriae isolates. When NFk-B reporter cell lines were used to monitor the effect of C. diphtheriae infection on human cells, strain-specific differences were observed. While adhesion to host cells had no effect, a correlation of invasion rate with NFk-B induction was found, which indicates that internalization of bacteria is crucial for NFk-B induction.Immunofluorescence microscopy experiments used to support the reporter assays showed that translocation of p65, as a hallmark of NFk-B induction, was only observed in association with cell invasion by C. diphtheriae. Our data indicate that the response of epithelial cells to C. diphtheriae infection is determined by internalization of bacteria and that invasion of these cells is an active process; tetracycline-treated C. diphtheriae was still able to attach to host cells, but lost its ability to invade the cytoplasm. Recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as pili subunits by membrane-bound receptors facing the outside of the cell is not sufficient for NFk-B induction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of the NFκ-B signal transduction pathway in response to Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection

et al. 2013

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“…Mortality rates are estimated to be high (43 % in the cases reviewed by Mishra et al [5]), and predisposing factors such as incompetent cardiac valves and intravenous drug use apparently contribute to most cases [5]. Nonetheless, endocarditis caused by C. diphtheriae has also been reported in individuals without recognized risk factors [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Further studies are underway to evaluate the contribution of these factors in development of invasive infections. A preliminary analysis of genetic diversity of five Brazilian C. diphtheriae invasive strains was performed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) [6], which has been suggested recently to be as discriminatory as ribotyping, previously regarded as the ' gold standard ' method for analysis of C. diphtheriae, until the emergence of MLST. Our MLST results were in accordance with the previous RAPD results [6], in which four of the invasive strains studied had already been proposed to be part of different clonal groups.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A preliminary analysis of genetic diversity of five Brazilian C. diphtheriae invasive strains was performed using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) [6], which has been suggested recently to be as discriminatory as ribotyping, previously regarded as the ' gold standard ' method for analysis of C. diphtheriae, until the emergence of MLST. Our MLST results were in accordance with the previous RAPD results [6], in which four of the invasive strains studied had already been proposed to be part of different clonal groups. Besides extending this analysis to novel strains, the intrinsic advantages of MLST over other molecular-typing methods allowed for a better understanding of the genetic relationships between invasive and non-invasive strains of C. diphtheriae isolated in Brazil.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Multilocus sequence types of invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated in the Rio de Janeiro urban area, Brazil

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYInvasive infections caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae in vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals have been reported increasingly. In this study we used multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to study genetic relationships between six invasive strains of this bacterium isolated solely in the urban area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during a 10-year period. Of note, all the strains rendered negative results in PCR reactions for the tox gene, and four strains presented an atypical sucrose-fermenting ability. Five strains represented new sequence types. MLST results did not support the hypothesis that invasive (sucrose-positive) strains of C. diphtheriae are part of a single clonal complex. Instead, one of the main findings of the study was that such strains can be normally found in clonal complexes with strains related to non-invasive disease. Comparative analyses with C. diphtheriae isolated in different countries provided further information on the geographical circulation of some sequence types.

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“…Of the child cases, one had congenital cardiac disease, one had recent undergone a major dental treatment and one had an episode of non-exudative pharyngitis two weeks prior to the onset of infection. The mortality rate of these patients was 40% [4].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae: A Rare Cause of Infective Endocarditis in Native Valve

Bensahi¹,

Arous²,

Elfhal³

et al. 2015

J Infect Dis Ther

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We report a case of non-complicated endocarditis due to nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae that occurred on a native valve. The patient had no known risk factors for endocarditis, but he had poor social circumstances. He received penicillin in conjunction with an aminoglycoside therapy. Evolution was marked by the sterilization of blood cultures but persistence of small vegetation with mild mitral regurgitation. The patient was discharged and followed in consultation twice per month during 3 months and twice year after with good clinical and biological status.

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Potential pathogenic role of aggregative- adhering Corynebacterium diphtheriae of different clonal groups in endocarditis

Cited by 49 publications

References 30 publications

Induction of the NFκ-B signal transduction pathway in response to Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection

Induction of the NFκ-B signal transduction pathway in response to Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection

Multilocus sequence types of invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae isolated in the Rio de Janeiro urban area, Brazil

Nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae: A Rare Cause of Infective Endocarditis in Native Valve

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