Potential of the integration of coagulation and ozonation as a pretreatment of reverse osmosis concentrate from coal gasification wastewater reclamation

Reverse Osmosis Concentrate: Physicochemical Characteristics, Environmental Impact, and Technologies

“…Additionally, coagulation is a basic physicochemical process for charge neutralization and adsorption of organics on metal hydroxides from water and wastewater. This process has been considered for elimination of natural components from highly salted brine arrangements [149,150]. However, electrocoagulation incorporates less slime generation than ordinary coagulation methods [151].…”

High-poly-aluminum chloride sulfate coagulants and their coagulation performances for removal of humic acid

“…At a lower pH condition, the free H + in the system reduced the degree of polymerization by impacting the hydroxyl bridge (Al-OH-Al) and oxygen bridge (Al-O-Al) of polymerized aluminum, and the pH of water system would increase due to the consumption of H + . In a higher pH environment, the hydroxylation of aluminum would be enhanced to form Al(OH) 3 (am) or even Al(OH) 4 À , which may cause a slight decrease in water pH, and the neutralization ability of aluminum hydroxyls became weakened simultaneously. Fig.…”

“…Moreover, with the development of society, the continuous emergence of new pollutants and the increasing demand of water quality present new challenges and opportunities for coagulation. Coagulation is important for particle and natural organic matter (NOM) removal, [1][2][3] in which charge neutralization, bridge-aggregation, precipitation, and sweep-occulation were recognized as the general mechanisms. In order to improve the coagulation efficiency, many researchers have been devoted to developing more efficient and low-residue coagulant species.…”

Water reclamation and reuse

“…The combination of coagulation and ozonation was applied to treat brine derived from a three-stage RO process in a coal gasification wastewater reclamation facility (Liu et al, 2019). When using FeCl 3 as the coagulant, the total removal efficiencies for TOC and color were 59.3% and 83.0%, respectively.…”