Potential of the Endophytic Fungus Phialocephala fortinii Rac56 Found in Rhodiola Plants to Produce Salidroside and p-Tyrosol

Abstract

2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ehyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (salidroside) and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)phenol (p-tyrosol) are famous food and medicine additives originally derived from alpine Rhodiola plants. Salidroside or p-tyrosol production by the endophytic fungus Rac56 (Phialocephala fortinii) was confirmed by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS and 1 H-NMR. The fermentation conditions were optimized by orthogonal design using data processing system software. The broth fermentation results showed that salidroside and p-tyrosol extraction yields from Rac56 were stable and reached 1.729˘0.06 mg and 1.990˘0.05 mg per mL of culture medium, respectively. The optimal conditions for salidroside and p-tyrosol production in fermentation culture of Rac56 were determined to be 25˝C, pH values of 7 and 5, Czapek-Dox culture medium volumes of 150 mL and 50 mL in 250 mL flasks, rotation speeds of 100ˆg and 200ˆg, and fermentation durations of 7 and 15 days, respectively. Under these optimal conditions, stable yields of 2.339˘0.1093 mg and 2.002˘0.0009 mg per mL of culture medium of salidroside and p-tyrosol, respectively, were obtained, indicating that the P. fortinii Rac56 strain is a promising source of these compounds.

Discovery of novel xylosides in co-culture of basidiomycetes Trametes versicolor and Ganoderma applanatum by integrated metabolomics and bioinformatics

“…Several glycosides structurally similar with compound 2 are high-value medicals, such as salidroside and gastrodin, so the medicinal properties of compound 2 were further studied 30 31 . In antibacterial assay, compound 2 had slight inhibition on Cryptococcus neoformans (ATCC 90012), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 9372) and Streptococcus sp.…”

Metabolite analysis of endophytic fungi from cultivars of Zingiber officinale Rosc. identifies myriad of bioactive compounds including tyrosol

“…GFV1 and GFM12. Tyrosol has previously been reported in endophytic culture extracts of Diaporthe (Specian et al 2012), Colletotrichum (Bungihan et al 2013), Glomerella (Guimarães et al 2009), Phyllosticta (Tan et al 2015), and Phialocephala fortinii (Cui et al 2016). It has a wide range of bioactivity including plant growth promotion (Kimura and Tamura 1973), cytotoxicity (Guimarães et al 2009), antibacterial, andantifungal (Specian et al 2012;Brilhante et al 2016), and is a very potent antioxidant.…”

Endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants have the ability to produce the same or similar pharmacologically active secondary metabolites as their hosts

“…One of these endophytic fungi identifi ed as Phialocephala fortinii was able to stably produce large amounts of salidrosides and p-tyrosol, 2.3 and 2 mg/ml of culture medium, respectively (Cui et al, 2016).…”