Potential of Magnetic Nanoferrites in Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water: Mini Review

Bharti, Manish Kumar; Gupta, Sakshi; Chalia, Sonia; Garg, Isha; Thakur, Preeti; Thakur, Atul

doi:10.1007/s10948-020-05657-1

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The nanoscale heterogeneous catalysts offer all the advantages of conventional heterogeneous catalysts accompanied by high surface area and large area/volume ratio, making them more attractive candidates for the transesterification reaction (Thakur et al 2015 ; Pandya et al 2019 ; Sekoai et al 2019 ). The available higher surface area of such catalysts allows for increased contact between the substrate and the catalyst (Bharti et al 2020 ). A high chemical reactivity can be obtained because of higher catalytic active surfaces than conventional catalysts of micro- or milli-scale crystals (Prabu 2018 ).…”

Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoferrites are ceramic powders exhibiting strong ferrimagnetic properties owing to iron oxides being their core component (Rana et al 2015 ). The ferrites are classified based on their crystalline structure; (a) hexagonal (MFe 12 O 19 ), (b) garnet (M 3 Fe 5 O 12 ), and (c) spinel (MFe 2 O 4 ), where M generally represents one or more bivalent transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) (Bharti et al 2020 ; Punia et al 2020 ). A nanoscale catalyst with magnetic properties facilitates easier separation and recovery by applying an external magnetic field (Gardy et al 2019 ; Thakur et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanoferrites are ceramic powders exhibiting strong ferrimagnetic properties owing to iron oxides being their core component (Rana et al 2015 (Bharti et al 2020;Punia et al 2020). A nanoscale catalyst with magnetic properties facilitates easier separation and recovery by applying an external magnetic field (Gardy et al 2019;Thakur et al 2020).…”

Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from soybean and canola oil: a review

et al. 2021

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Fossil fuel depletion and pollution are calling for alternative, renewable energies such as biofuels. Actual challenges include the design of efficient processes and catalysts to convert various feedstocks into biofuels. Here, we review nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts to produce biodiesel from soybean and canola oil. For that, transesterification is the main synthesis route and offers simplicity, cost-effectiveness, better process control, and high conversion yield. Catalysis with nanoferrites and composites allow to obtain yields higher than 95% conversion with less than 5.0 wt.% of catalyst loading at 80 °C in 1–2 h. More than 90% conversion yields can be achieved with a moderate alcohol/oil molar ratio, i.e., between 12:1 to 16:1. Catalyst recovery is easy due to the magnetic properties of nanoferrite, which can be effectively reused up to 4 times with less than 10% loss of catalytic efficiency.

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Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nanoferrites As Catalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from soybean and canola oil: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Empirical investigations reported in the literature provide interesting scientific insights into the significantly diverse aspects of the adsorption dynamics of different adsorbate–magnetic nanoadsorbent combinations (Sivashankar et al 2014 ; Mehta et al 2015 ; Tamjidi et al 2019 ; Kumar et al 2020 ; Hassan et al 2020 ; Mashkoor and Nasar 2020 ; Bharti et al 2020 ; You et al 2021 ). For example, doping Ag ions onto Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles had decreased particle sizes, but enhanced the magnetic characteristics of the as-prepared nanocomposites (Najafpoor et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Developments With Magnetic Nanoadsorbents and Magnetic Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although promising findings have been extensively compiled based on laboratory-scale investigations with magnetic nanoadsorbents in recent reviews with regard to excellent adsorption capacities, rapid adsorption kinetics, good selectivity and recyclability (Sivashankar et al 2014 ; Mehta et al 2015 ; Tamjidi et al 2019 ; Kumar et al 2020 ; Hassan et al 2020 ; Mashkoor and Nasar 2020 ; Bharti et al 2020 ; You et al 2021 ; Faraji et al 2021 ; Jain et al 2021 ), there are still a number of hurdles which tend to retard the use of magnetic nanoadsorbents at the commercial scale for water purification and wastewater treatment systems. These limitations are related to their mechanical properties, chemical stability, scale-up and optimization of synthetic processes, possible downstream toxicity levels, and efficacy of regeneration methods and reusability (You et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Developments With Magnetic Nanoadsorbents and Magnetic Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic nanoadsorbents for micropollutant removal in real water treatment: a review

Mudhoo

Sillanpää

2021

Environ Chem Lett

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Pure water will become a golden resource in the context of the rising pollution, climate change and the recycling economy, calling for advanced purification methods such as the use of nanostructured adsorbents. However, coming up with an ideal nanoadsorbent for micropollutant removal is a real challenge because nanoadsorbents, which demonstrate very good performances at laboratory scale, do not necessarily have suitable properties in in full-scale water purification and wastewater treatment systems. Here, magnetic nanoadsorbents appear promising because they can be easily separated from the slurry phase into a denser sludge phase by applying a magnetic field. Yet, there are only few examples of large-scale use of magnetic adsorbents for water purification and wastewater treatment. Here, we review magnetic nanoadsorbents for the removal of micropollutants, and we explain the integration of magnetic separation in the existing treatment plants. We found that the use of magnetic nanoadsorbents is an effective option in water treatment, but lacks maturity in full-scale water treatment facilities. The concentrations of magnetic nanoadsorbents in final effluents can be controlled by using magnetic separation, thus minimizing the ecotoxicicological impact. Academia and the water industry should better collaborate to integrate magnetic separation in full-scale water purification and wastewater treatment plants.

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Recent Advances in Detection and Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water

et al. 2022

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The water treatment process by removing heavy metals from polluted sources is explained in detail. Various detection and removal techniques and their modeling for heavy metal removal are reviewed. Detection of heavy metals is possible by several optical, spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. Due to their high efficiencies and accurate evaluation capabilities, several spectroscopic as well as other techniques like neutron activation analysis and X‐ray fluorescence are discussed and found highly significant. Adsorption, photocatalysis, ion exchange, electrochemical methods, membrane filtration, chemical precipitation, and forward osmosis are the most frequently used techniques for heavy metal removal, being up to 100 % efficient to detect and remove heavy metal ions. The design, operation, and key features of all techniques are explained. The regeneration of used adsorbents, resins, and other materials to remove heavy metals is found as key step in the wastewater treatment process.

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Potential of Magnetic Nanoferrites in Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water: Mini Review

Cited by 41 publications

References 105 publications

Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from soybean and canola oil: a review

Nanoferrites heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from soybean and canola oil: a review

Magnetic nanoadsorbents for micropollutant removal in real water treatment: a review

Recent Advances in Detection and Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Water

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