Potential of Karrikins as Novel Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture

Antala, Michal; Sytar, Oksana; Rastogi, Anshu; Brestič, Marián

doi:10.3390/plants9010043

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(108 reference statements)

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“…In addition, biochar contains substantial quantities of minerals such as calcium and magnesium and inorganic carbonates, which is beneficial for plant growth. Biochar may improve soil productivity, soil permeability, and carbon sequestration [32][33][34][35][36]. Zhu et al [37] indicated that biochar could enhance yield by stimulating microbe activity in the rhizosphere and improving soil water holding capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Mitigates Combined Effects of Drought and Salinity Stress in Quinoa

Yang

Akhtar

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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Abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity constantly threaten food security. Biochar as a soil amendment has the potential to ameliorate soil and alleviate drought and salinity stress. Multiple studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of biochar in alleviating independent drought or salinity stress. However, the potential of biochar in mitigating the combined drought and salinity stress on plants has not been studied so far. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted in the climate-controlled chamber with the objective to investigate the effect of biochar on growth, physiology, and yield of quinoa under independent and combined drought and salinity stress. Quinoa plants were subjected to three irrigation treatments i.e., full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI), and alternate root-zone drying irrigation (ARD), two saline water treatments (0 and 400 mM) and two levels of biochar (0% and 5% by weight). In the FI treatment, plants were irrigated daily to maintain pot water-holding capacity. In limited irrigation treatments, 70% water of FI was applied either to the whole pot in DI or to one side of the pot alternating in ARD, respectively. The results showed that combined drought and salinity stress drastically affected growth and performance of quinoa compared to the independent drought or salinity stress. However, soil amendment with biochar had positive effect in mitigating both independent and combined effect of drought and salinity on quinoa plants. Furthermore, biochar amendment in ARD under salinity significantly enhanced plant height, shoot biomass, and grain by 11.7%, 18.8%, and 10.2% as compared with DI under salinity, respectively. In addition, leaf photosynthetic rate (An) and stomatal conductance (gs) decreased under limited saline irrigation. Moreover, the interactive effect of biochar and ARD efficiently adjusted the balance between chemical signal (leaf ABA) and hydraulic signal (leaf water potential). Thus, intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) and yield in ARD were significantly enhanced compared to DI, especially under salinity stress. Overall, biochar in combination with ARD might be a wise approach for sustaining crop productivity in salt affected and drought stressed areas of the world to ensure food security.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar Mitigates Combined Effects of Drought and Salinity Stress in Quinoa

Yang

Akhtar

et al. 2020

Agronomy

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“…The shared impact of plastic film mulching with biochar on ET, crop yield, and WUE as a ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting technology in China are currently less understood (Nelissen et al, 2012;Fischer et al, 2019). Therefore, understanding how biomass in China and across the world can change under the combined application of plastic film and biochar and processes activated as a result of these changes is key to harnessing their potential for wider use in agriculture (Antala et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of plastic film mulch with biochar application on crop yield, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency in northern China: A meta-analysis

Mak‐Mensah

Obour

Essel

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Background China is the leading consumer of plastic film worldwide. Plastic film mulched ridge-furrow is one of the most widely adopted agronomic and field management practices in rain-fed agriculture in dry-land areas of China. The efficiency of plastic film mulching as a viable method to decrease evapotranspiration (ET), increase crop yields, and water use efficiency (WUE), has been demonstrated extensively by earlier studies. Methods A comprehensive evaluation of how co-application of plastic-film mulch and biochar in different agro-environments under varying climatic conditions influence ET, crop yield, WUE, and soil microbial activity were assessed. We performed a meta-analysis using the PRISMA guideline to assess the effect of plastic-film mulched ridge-furrow and biochar on ET, yield, and WUE of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and maize (Zea mays L.) in northern China. Results The use of plastic film increased average yields of wheat (75.7%), potato (20.2%), and maize (12.9%) in Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, and Shanxi provinces, respectively due to the reduction in ET by 12.8% in Gansu, 0.5% in Ningxia, and 4.1% in Shanxi, but increased in Shaanxi by 0.5% compared to no-mulching. These changes may be attributed to the effect of plastic film mulch application which simultaneously increased WUE by 68.5% in Gansu, 23.9% in Ningxia, 16.2% in Shaanxi, and 12.8% in Shanxi, respectively. Compared to flat planting without mulching, in three years, the yield of maize increased with the co-application of plastic film and biochar by 22.86% in the Shanxi and Shaanxi regions. Conclusion Our analysis revealed co-application of plastic film with biochar is integral for improving soil and water conservation in rain-fed agriculture and as an integrated practice to avert drought while simultaneously mitigating runoff and erosion.

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“…Karrikin is a group of chemical compound involved in plant seed germination and early development, it has been shown to be involved in phytohormone signaling networks [42]. Current understandings on karrikins are primarily in plant growth, therefore, it would be interesting to further investigate whether this response to karrikin is also involved in disease defense [42, 43]. Interestingly, gene loss events are usually associated with transporter and secondary metabolism in Valsa species but they never loss the function suggesting gene loss by Valsa species are more of a redundancy reduction rather than purge of certain function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of five Valsa species gives insights on their pathogenicity evolution

Sun

Xie

Tang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Valsa is a genus of ascomycetes fungi within the family Valsaceae that includes many wood destructive pathogens. The species such as Valsa mali and Valsa pyri that colonize fruit trees are threatening the global fruit production. Rapid host adaptation and fungicide resistance emergence are the main characteristics that make them devastating and hard to control. Efficient disease management can be achieved from early infection diagnosis and fungicide application, but lack of understandings of their genetic diversity and genomic features that underpin their pathogenicity evolution and drug resistance is essentially impeding the progress of effective and sustainable disease control. Here, we report genome assemblies of Valsa malicola, Valsa persoonii and Valsa sordida which represents close relatives of the two well known Valsa mali and Valsa pyri that cause canker disease with different host preferences. Comparative genomics analysis revealed that segmental rearrangements, inversions and translocations frequently occurred among Valsa spp. genomes. Genes identified in highly active regions exhibited high sequence differentiation and are enriched in membrane transporter proteins involved in anti-drug and nutrient transportation activities. Consistently, we also found membrane transporter gene families have been undergoing significant expansions in Valsa clade. Furthermore, unique genes that possessed or retained by each of the five Valsa species are more likely part of the secondary metabolic (SM) gene clusters which suggests SM one of the critical components that diverge along with the evolution of Valsa species. Repeat sequence content contributes significantly to genome size variation across the five species. The wide spread AT-rich regions resulted from repeat induced point C to T mutation (RIP) exhibited a specific proximity to secondary metabolic gene clusters and this positional proximity is correlated with the diversification of SM clusters. Lastly, we show that LaeA, the global regulator of secondary metabolic gene cluster, exhibiting diverged manner of regulation on the expression of clusters in vegetative and invasive mycelia of the devastating Valsa mali indicating the complexity of secondary metabolism in fungal species.

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Potential of Karrikins as Novel Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture

Cited by 34 publications

References 80 publications

Biochar Mitigates Combined Effects of Drought and Salinity Stress in Quinoa

Biochar Mitigates Combined Effects of Drought and Salinity Stress in Quinoa

Influence of plastic film mulch with biochar application on crop yield, evapotranspiration, and water use efficiency in northern China: A meta-analysis

Comparative genomics of five Valsa species gives insights on their pathogenicity evolution

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