Potential of biosorbent developed from fruit peel ofTrewia nudiflorafor removal of hexavalent chromium from synthetic and industrial effluent: Analyzing phytotoxicity in germinatingVignaseeds

Abstract

Chromium (VI) removal efficiency of a biosorbent prepared from fruit peel of Trewia nudiflora plant was studied. The effect of pH, sorbent dose, initial metal concentration and temperature was studied with synthetic Cr⁺⁶ solution in batch mode. About 278 mg/g of Cr⁺⁶ sorption was obtained at 293 K at an optimum pH of 2.0 and biosorbent dose of 0.75 g/L. Equilibrium sorption data with varying initial concentration of Cr⁺⁶ (22-248 mg/L) at three different temperatures (293-313 K) were analyzed by various isotherms. Biosorption kinetics and thermodynamics were described using standard model equations. Encouraging results were obtained by the application of the biosorptive treatment for removal of Cr⁺⁶ from wastewater collected from common effluent treatment plant of tannery industry. In addition, C⁺⁶r desorption behavior was studied on different systems. Biosorbent was characterized by FESEM, FT-IR and XRD, etc. Effect of the biosorptive treatement with respect to the phytotoxicity of Cr⁺⁶ was analyzed by studying the seed germination behavior and enzyme activity of a pulse seed (Vigna radiata L.). Different concentrations of Cr⁺⁶ solution in both synthetic medium, as well as, in tannery effluent was employed and the results were compared with that of biosorbent treated medium. The study showed that due to efficient removal of Cr⁺⁶ from aqueous phase, considerable enhancement of seed germination, as well as, increase in root length was obtained for the biosorbent treated solutions which were close to that of the control values. Significant decrease (P < 0.01) in POD activity was observed in seeds irrigated with biosorbent treated wastewater compared to untreated wastewater. The study showed that the novel biosorbent prepared might be utilized for abatement of heavy metal toxicity, i.e., Cr⁺⁶ from industrial effluent.

Adsorption of chromium (VI) by strong alkaline anion exchange fiber in a fixed-bed column: Experiments and models fitting and evaluating

“…Alternative adsorbents were investigated in search for an effective low-cost technology for the treatment of Cr (VI). Bioadsorbents, e.g., brewers draff, grape waste, peat moss, sawdust, fruit peel [4,5] and nature materials, such as akadama clay, sawdust, and parthenium hysterophorus weed [6][7][8] were used due to low-cost, local availability and minimal pre-treatment requirements but the efficiency for Cr (VI) removal is relatively low with equilibrium adsorption capacity smaller than 50 mg L À1 ; Modified natural materials, e.g., modified lignocellulosic materials, activated alumina, organo-bentonite and chitosan [9][10][11][12], are common Cr (VI) adsorbents as well. Active carbon is a widely utilized absorbent in Cr (VI) adsorption for its large volume of micropores and mesopores, providing a high surface area and having high chemical and thermal stability [13][14][15].…”

Cr(VI) Sorption from Aqueous Solution: A Review

“…The value of K in Equation ( 24) depends on the model chosen for describing the sorption isotherm. The Langmuir equilibrium constant K L is often used for this purpose in Cr(VI) sorption studies [35,51,75]; the sorption distribution coefficient K D = q e /C e (determined by extrapolating to zero the plot ln(q e /C e ) against C e ) is also utilized, though less frequently [32,64,70].…”

Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution on seeds of Artimisia absinthium (novel plant material)

“…Eq. (19) is simplified by assuming αβ >> t and by applying the boundary conditions q t = 0 at t = 0 and q t = q t at t = t as given by equation as follows: (Eq. (15)) The slope and intercept of the linear plot of q t vs. ln t resulted in the estimation of kinetic constants α and β.…”

“…Many biosorbents have been used in past years for chromium ion (VI) removal; however, the search for an eco-friendly and low-cost biomaterials remains an active area of research. Biosorption potential of Araucaria leaves [10], Wheat (Triticum aestivum) shells [11], Litchi chinensis [12], Sunflower head waste-based biosorbent (FSH) [13], Corinadrum sativum [14], Wood apple shell [15], Mangifera indica bark dust [16], Tobacco leaf [17], Cow dung powder [18], Fruit peel of Trewia nudiflora plant [19], and Ornamental plants [20] have recently been tested for Cr(VI) biosorption. The present study focussed on assessing the ability of environmentally benign adsorbent Artemisia absinthium, which belongs to the family Asteraceae.…”