Potential nephroprotective phytochemicals: Mechanism and future prospects

Basist, Parakh; Parveen, Bushra; Zahiruddin, Sultan; Gautam, Gaurav; Parveen, Rabea; Khan, Mohammad Ahmed; Krishnan, Anuja; Shahid, Mohd; Ahmad, Sayeed

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114743

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Further, nephroprotective agents from plants mitigate processes such as interstitial nephritis, altered intraglomerular hemodynamics, tubular necrosis, or glomerulonephritis [ 19 ]. Previous works have already reviewed the usages of plants and phytochemicals as nephroprotective agents providing an important understanding of how extracts or single compounds interfere with molecular pathways to mitigate kidney diseases [ 2 , 20 ]. However, they usually focused on intrinsic damage such as nephrotoxicity, omitting the pre-renal and post-renal factors, and to our knowledge, no classification of nephroprotective plants according to pre-, intra-, and post-renal diseases have been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephroprotective Plants: A Review on the Use in Pre-Renal and Post-Renal Diseases

Tienda-Vázquez

Morreeuw

Sosa‐Hernández

et al. 2022

Plants

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Kidney diseases are expected to become the fifth leading cause of death by 2040. Several physiological failures classified as pre-, intra-, and post-renal factors induce kidney damage. Diabetes, liver pathologies, rhabdomyolysis, and intestinal microbiota have been identified as pre-renal factors, and lithiasis or blood clots in the ureters, prostate cancer, urethral obstructions, prostate elongation, and urinary tract infections are post-renal factors. Additionally, the nephrotoxicity of drugs has been highlighted as a crucial factor inducing kidney injuries. Due to the adverse effects of drugs, it is necessary to point to other alternatives to complement the treatment of these diseases, such as nephroprotective agents. Plants are a wide source of nephroprotective substances and can have beneficial effects in different levels of the physiological pathways which lead to kidney damage. In traditional medicines, plants are used as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, diuretics, and anticancer agents, among other benefits. However, the mechanism of action of some plants empirically used remains unknown and scientific data are required to support their nephroprotective effects. The present work reviewed the plants with a beneficial effect on kidney diseases. The classification of nephroprotective plants according to the clinical definition of pre-renal, intrinsic, and post-renal factors is proposed to orient their use as complementary treatments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephroprotective Plants: A Review on the Use in Pre-Renal and Post-Renal Diseases

Tienda-Vázquez

Morreeuw

Sosa‐Hernández

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…However, several comorbidities of the kidney can be associated with other factors, such as kidney stones or urolithiasis, etc. It has been reported that urinary extracellular vehicles (EVs) and proteins are the most prominent biomarkers that can be assessed to demonstrate hyperoxaluria [ 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Carnitine and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review on Nutrition and Health Perspectives

Sharma

Yadav

2023

JPM

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Progressive segmental glomerulosclerosis is acknowledged as a characteristic of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). It is a major health issue that exponentially reduces health and economy and also causes serious morbidity and mortality across the globe. This review is aimed at comprehending the health perspectives of L-Carnitine (LC) as an adjuvant regimen for alleviating CKD and its associated complications. The data were gathered from different online databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, ACS publication, PubMed, Springer, etc., using keywords such as CKD/Kidney disease, current epidemiology and its prevalence, LC supplementations, sources of LC, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of LC and its supplementation for mimicking the CKD and its associated problem, etc. Various items of literature concerning CKD were gathered and screened by experts based on their inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings suggest that, among the different comorbidities such as oxidative stress and inflammatory stress, erythropoietin-resistant anemia, intradialytic hypotension, muscle weakness, myalgia, etc., are considered as the most significant onset symptoms in CKD or hemodialysis patients. LC or creatine supplementation provides an effective adjuvant or therapeutic regimen that significantly reduces oxidative and inflammatory stress and erythropoietin-resistant anemia and evades comorbidities such as tiredness, impaired cognition, muscle weakness, myalgia, and muscle wasting. However, no significant changes were found in biochemical alteration such as creatinine, uric acid, urea, etc., after creatine supplementation in a patient with renal dysfunction. The expert-recommended dose of LC or creatine to a patient is approached for better outcomes of LC as a nutritional therapy regimen for CKD-associated complications. Hence, it can be suggested that LC provides an effective nutritional therapy to ameliorate impaired biochemicals and kidney function and to treat CKD and its associated complications.

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“…Some of the herbals are used for renal disorders, like Boerhavia diffusa [28], Anthocleista vogelii, Alstonia boonei [29], Astragalus, Ligusticum, Triptolide, and Rhubarb [30]. Some herbal constituents honokiol [31], isoliquiritigenin, βsitosterol, apigenin, betulinic acid quercetin, rutin, gallic acid, and catechin [32], are known to produce nephroprotective action via the regulation of oxidative stress mechanism and removal of uremic toxins [33]. Even α-tocopherol, ubiquinol, bilirubin, glutathione, and ascorbic acid including BC are known to provide nephroprotective action via the removal of uremic toxins in CKD patients [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventive Action of Beta-Carotene against the Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Renal Dysfunction in Male Adult Zebrafish via Regulations of Mitochondrial Inflammatory and β-Carotene Oxygenase-2 Actions

Muthuraman,

Sayem,

Meenakshisundaram

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a metabolic byproduct of indole metabolism. IS readily interacts with the mitochondrial redox metabolism, leading to altered renal function. The β-carotene oxygenase-2 (BCO2) enzyme converts carotenoids to intermediate products. However, the role of β-carotene (BC) in IS-induced renal dysfunction in zebrafish and their modulatory action on BCO2 and mitochondrial inflammations have not been explored yet. Hence, the present study is designed to investigate the role of BC in the attenuation of IS-induced renal dysfunction via regulations of mitochondrial redox balance by BCO2 actions. Renal dysfunction was induced by exposure to IS (10 mg/L/hour/day) for 4 weeks. BC (50 and 100 mg/L/hour/day) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10; 20 mg/L/hour/day) were added before IS exposure. BC attenuated the IS-induced increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine concentrations, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and complex I activity levels, and the reduction of renal mitochondrial biomarkers, i.e., BCO2, superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio, and carbonylated proteins. Moreover, renal histopathological changes were analyzed by the eosin and hematoxylin staining method. As a result, the administration of BC attenuated the IS-induced renal damage via the regulation of mitochondrial function.

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Potential nephroprotective phytochemicals: Mechanism and future prospects

Cited by 21 publications

References 159 publications

Nephroprotective Plants: A Review on the Use in Pre-Renal and Post-Renal Diseases

Nephroprotective Plants: A Review on the Use in Pre-Renal and Post-Renal Diseases

L-Carnitine and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review on Nutrition and Health Perspectives

Preventive Action of Beta-Carotene against the Indoxyl Sulfate-Induced Renal Dysfunction in Male Adult Zebrafish via Regulations of Mitochondrial Inflammatory and β-Carotene Oxygenase-2 Actions

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