Potential biochemical markers for infantile autism

P, Israngkun; Newman, Howard; Patel, Suman; Duruibe, Valentine A.; Abou-Issa, Hussein

doi:10.1007/bf03028036

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…1 -3 and Table I), and that some of these are opioids and also exorphins (Israngkun et al, 1986;Reichelt et al, 1986;1991;Shattock et al, 1990;Cade et al, 2000;Shanahan et al, 2000). The definite structure of these have been obtained by mass spectrometry and fragmentation mass spectrometry (Shanahan et al, 2000;Remme et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Reichelt¹,

Knivsberg

2003

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Opioid peptides derived from food proteins (exorphins) have been found in urine of autistic patients. Based on the work of several groups, we try to show that exorphins and serotonin uptake stimulating factors may explain many of the signs and symptoms seen in autistic disorders. The individual symptoms ought to be explainable by the properties and behavioural effects of the found peptides. The data presented form the basis of an autism model, where we suggest that exorphins and serotonin uptake modulators are key mediators for the development of autism. This may be due to a genetically based peptidase deficiency in at least two or more peptidases and, or of peptidase regulating proteins made manifest by a dietary overload of exorphin precursors such as by increased gut uptake.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Reichelt¹,

Knivsberg

2003

Nutritional Neuroscience

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“…Six studies have shown that measures of plasma NE are elevated in ASD (Cook, 1990; Israngkun, Newman, & Patel, 1986; Lake, Ziegler, & Murphy, 1977; Launay et al, 1987; Leboyer et al, 1994; Leventhal, Cook, Morford, Ravitz, & Freedman, 1990); two other studies yielded null results (Herault et al, 1994; Martineau et al, 1994). These findings of elevated NE were initially dismissed as a byproduct of heightened acute stress response to venipuncture in children with ASD (Cook, 1990; Minderaa, Anderson, Volkmar, Akkerhuis, & Cohen, 1994), and subsequent studies designed to address this issue used time-averaged measures of NE-release (which are not affected by acute stress).…”

Section: Rationale For the Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pupil and salivary indicators of autonomic dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder

Anderson

Colombo

Unruh

2012

Developmental Psychobiology

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Dysregulated tonic pupil size has been reported in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Among the possible sources of this dysregulation are disruptions in the feedback loop between norepinephrine (NE) and hypothalamic systems. In the current study, we examined afternoon levels of salivary alpha-amylase (sAA, a putative correlate of NE) and cortisol (used to assess stress-based responses) in two independent samples of children with ASD. We found a larger pupil size and lower sAA levels in ASD, compared to typical and clinical age-matched controls. This was substantiated at the individual level, as sAA levels were strongly correlated with tonic pupil size. Relatively little diurnal variation in sAA taken in the home environment in the ASD group was also observed, while typical controls showed a significant linear increase throughout the day. Results are discussed in terms of potential early biomarkers and the elucidation of underlying neural dysfunction in ASD.

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“…70,71 However, significant problems with the analytical methods initially used to test for peptiduria have recently come to light. Recently, rigorously designed studies have used more accurate methods (mass spectrometry) to investigate the validity of peptiduria and have refuted the initial findings.…”

Section: Biologically Based Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Autism: An Evidence-Based Approach to Negotiating Safe and Efficacious Interventions with Families

2010

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Summary: This review focuses on helping clinicians identify resources and develop strategies they may use to effectively negotiate safe and effective use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) treatments with families of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as other neurodevelopmental disorders. Since new types of CAM continue to be introduced into the autism community, emphasis is placed on providing clinicians with tools to help families negotiate the myriad of available treatments and make decisions based on current safety and efficacy data, while remaining mindful of the reasons families may be considering these treatments.We familiarize readers with high-quality, evidence-based resources that providers and families may use to ascertain current information about specific types of CAM, verify the content of biologically-based treatments, identify ongoing CAM research and obtain toolkits designed to help healthcare providers raise the topic of CAM usage and facilitate disclosure and discussion of CAM use with patients and their families. Key Words: Complementary and alternative medicine, autism, integrative medicine, gluten-free casein-free diet, melatonin, chelation, hyperbaric oxygen treatment, evidence-based medicine.

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Potential biochemical markers for infantile autism

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Can the Pathophysiology of Autism be Explained by the Nature of the Discovered Urine Peptides?

Pupil and salivary indicators of autonomic dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Autism: An Evidence-Based Approach to Negotiating Safe and Efficacious Interventions with Families

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