Potential application of the oxidative nucleic acid damage biomarkers in detection of diseases

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated after exposure to harmful environmental factors and during normal cellular metabolic processes. The balance of the generating and scavenging of ROS plays a significant role in living cells. The accumulation of ROS will lead to oxidative damage to biomolecules including nucleic acid. Although many types of oxidative nucleic acid damage products have been identified, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoG) has been commonly chosen as the biomarkers of oxidative damage to DNA and RNA, respectively. It has been demonstrated that oxidative damage to nucleic acid is an initiator in pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Thus, oxidative nucleic acid damage biomarkers have the potential to be utilized for detection of diseases. Herein, we reviewed the relationship of oxidative nucleic acid damage and development of various diseases including cancers (colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, epithelial ovarian carcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma), neurodegenerative disorders and chronic diseases (diabetes and its complications, cardiovascular diseases). The potential of oxidative nucleic acid damage biomarkers for detection of diseases and drug development were described. Moreover, the approaches for detection of these biomarkers were also summarized.

Elevated urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and serum uric acid are associated with progression and are prognostic factors of colorectal cancer

“…Oxidative stress has been proved to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of CRC and other cancers. 3 , 18 , 19 In our previous study, 5 oxidative stress (8-oxodG level) was found to be elevated in the early stage of CRC, and in this study we found that it was intensified during disease progression. So, it is possible that biomarkers of oxidative stress together with pathological staging could be helpful in predicting clinical outcomes more precisely.…”

Lavender essential oil induces oxidative stress which modifies the bacterial membrane permeability of carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae

“…It is known that ribosomal and genetic material processing proteins are relatively sensitive to oxidative stress 34,35 . For instance, oxidative damage can induce base substitution, addition, deletion and other mutation in nucleic acids which leads to the formation of non-functioning proteins 36 . In addition, oxidative damage also affects proteins, especially ribosomal proteins due to the affinity of ROS for RNA 37 .…”

Oxidative Damage in Sporadic Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mapping of Base Excision Repair Glycosylases in Colorectal Cancer Patients

“…Oxidative stress belongs to the ubiquitous events attacking biologic systems. It has been postulated that oxidative stress is responsible for steadily increasing oxidative damage burden from early adenoma to CRC progression [16,17]. In general, unrepaired DNA damage and subsequent disruption in DNA damage response (DDR) pathway have been recorded in many cancer types and are responsible for genomic instability, a pivotal feature of cancer [18].…”