Potential anti-inflammatory and lipase inhibitory peptides generated by in vitro gastrointestinal hydrolysis of heat treated millet grains

Abstract

The influence of heat treatment (65°C and 100°C) on the activities of potential anti-inflammatory peptides obtained from a millet protein fraction was investigated. The molecular mass of proteins was found to be in the range of 6.5-100 kDa. The protein fractions were in vitro hydrolyzed in gastrointestinal-like conditions. The highest peptide content was noted for albumin in the control sample (2.03 mg/mL). The peptide fraction obtained from globulin 7S derived from grains heated at 65°C was characterized by the highest COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 0.08 and 0.12 mg/mL, respectively). The peptide fraction obtained from the prolamin treatment at 100°C exhibited the highest LOX inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 0.14 mg/mL). Peptides from the prolamin treatment at 65°C were characterized by the highest pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity (IC 50 = 0.03 mg/mL). Peptide fractions with highest anti-inflammatory activity were rich in Gly. Posibles péptidos antiinflamatorios e inhibidores de la lipasa generados por hidrólisis gastrointestinal in vitro de granos de mijo tratados térmicamente RESUMEN Se investigó la influencia del tratamiento con calor (65°C y 100°C) en la actividad de posibles péptidos antiinflamatorios obtenidos de una fracción de proteína de mijo. Al respecto, se constató que la masa molecular de las proteínas estaba en el rango de 6.5-100 kDa. Las fracciones de proteínas se hidrolizaron in vitro en condiciones similares a las gastrointestinales. La albúmina de la muestra de control exhibió el mayor contenido de péptidos (2.03 mg/ml). La fracción peptídica obtenida de la globulina 7S derivada de granos calentados a 65°C presentó la actividad inhibidora de COX-1 y COX-2 más alta (IC 50 = 0.08 y 0.12 mg/mL, respectivamente). La fracción peptídica obtenida del tratamiento con prolamina a 100°C mostró la mayor actividad inhibidora de LOX (IC 50 = 0.14 mg/mL). Los péptidos del tratamiento con prolamina a 65°C exhibieron la actividad inhibidora de la lipasa pancreática más alta (IC 50 = 0.03 mg/mL). Las fracciones peptídicas con mayor actividad antiinflamatoria mostraron abundante Gly.

Hairless canary seeds (Phalaris canariensis L.) as a potential source of antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and antiobesity biopeptides

“…In this study, CSP < 3 and 3-10 kDa fractions showed higher (p < 0.05) lipase inhibitory activity than the > 10 kDa fraction (Table 2). These values were lower than the ones reported for yellow field pea protein hydrolyzed with Alcalase (IC 50 = 3.98 ± 0.4 mg/mL) (Awosika and Aluko 2019); but higher than the ones obtained from thermally treated millet grain protein (IC 50 = 0.03 mg/ mL) (Jakubczyk et al 2019) and the synthetic inhibitor Orlistat (IC 50 = 2.73 μg/mL) (Gupta et al 2015). Research regarding lipase inhibition by bioactive peptides is limited, with the exact mechanism not completely understood.…”

Characteristics of New Peptides GQLGEHGGAGMG, GEHGGAGMGGGQFQPV, EQGFLPGPEESGR, RLARAGLAQ, YGNPVGGVGH, and GNPVGGVGHGTTGT as Inhibitors of Enzymes Involved in Metabolic Syndrome and Antimicrobial Potential

“…There a few reports about peptides with LOX and COX inhibitory activity, but the direct mechanism of this process has still not been elucidated. The results obtained in our previous study indicated that glycine-rich peptide fractions obtained from millet grains had potent anti-inflammatory activities [21]. As reported by Montoya-Rodríguez et al [19], pure peptides described as HGSEPFGPR and RPRYPWRYT inhibited the expression of LOX-1 and other factors involved in the inflammatory process.…”

“…The main aim of our study was to estimate the role of synthetic peptides as inhibitors of selected enzymes associated with metabolic syndrome and determination of their antimicrobial activity and resistance to gastrointestinal enzymes. The peptides were described in our previous studies [20,21]. The research material was millet grains subjected to different temperature treatments (65 • C and 100 • C).…”

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Seed Proteins’ Anti-Obesity Potential through Lipase Inhibition Using In Silico, In Vitro and In Vivo Models

“…Eureka) [ 10 ], pinto bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Pinto) [ 11 ], yellow field pea ( Pisum sativum L.) [ 12 ], and millet grains [ 13 ]. Thus, peptides from natural origin, as components of the daily diet, could have potential therapeutic use to ameliorate obesity with low side effects.…”