Potential alternative feed sources for ruminant feeding from the biodiesel production chain by-products

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, fractionation of nitrogen compounds and carbohydrates, digestibility parameters, gas production kinetics and ruminal fermentation of fruit seed cakes. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three fruit seed cakes (treatments) and four replications. The cakes were made of seeds of custard apple (Annona squamosa), soursop (Annona muricata) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), which were collected in a biodiesel plant. The passion fruit seed cake presented the highest content of dry matter, neutral detergent fibre crude protein (NDFcp), acid detergent fibre (ADF), lignin and total carbohydrates (P<0.05). The custard apple seed cake presented high proportions of crude protein, condensed tannins and digestible energy (P<0.05). The soursop seed cake presented higher values for ether extract and total digestible nutrients (P<0.05). For potential degradability, the authors detected a difference between the custard apple, soursop and passion fruit seed cakes. The total volume of gases was higher for custard apple and soursop seed cakes. Custard apple seed cake presented higher proportions of in vitro degradation parameters (P<0.05). Thus this cake could provide greater nutrient levels when supplied in ruminant diets, followed by soursop seed cake and passion fruit seed cake.
 Keywords: alternative food, by-products, ruminant feeding, seed cake, semi-arid

Inclusion of Cocoa Bean Shell in the Diet of Dairy Goats: Effects on Milk Production Performance and Milk Fatty Acid Profile

“…This fraction is represented by protein associated with lignin, tannin-protein complexes, and Maillard products, being characterized by null ruminal degradation rates and intestinal digestibility ( 54), thus limiting the potential application of CBS as alternative protein source in animal nutrition. High relative proportions of protein fraction C were also reported for other by-products of the agroindustry or biodiesel production chain with potential application in feed formulations, such as the hazelnut skin (55), custard apple and soursop seed cakes (56), and peanut cake (57).…”

Fermentation profile, aerobic stability, chemical and mineral composition of silages of mango combined with cocoa pod husk meal

“…The increase in fraction (A) of NPN results from extensive protein hydrolysis, leading to its increase in silage (Ohshima & McDonald, 1978). When mango was included at 80% in silage, the highest content of fraction A was verified, indicating lower content of free amino acids and small peptides (Pinto et al, 2020). Besides the proteolytic action is directly linked to the dry matter content and converting the silage protein into NPN (Silva et al, 2016).…”

“…The growing interest in ensiling by-products from fruit agribusiness has emerged as an alternative to traditional crops, with the advantage of the low cost of the material to be ensiled. Using these residues for silage making, besides constituting a way of using the materials that would be wasted, contributes to minimizing the impact caused by the accumulation of these residues in the environment (Pinto et al, 2020).…”

Soursop (Annona muricata) Properties and Perspectives for Integral Valorization

“…Pinto et al [ 93 ] suggest that the seeds and the cake resulting from oil extraction can be used as a complement in animal feed after drying and grinding, which allows a longer storage time. Biomass contains dry matter (852.5 g/kg of natural material), minerals (17.3 g/kg of dry matter), ether extract (194.6 g/kg of dry matter), crude protein (164.1 g/kg of dry matter), and other important compounds for the animal diet.…”