Potential advantages of highly mycotrophic foraging for the establishment of early successional pioneer plants on sand

Höpfner, Ingo; Friede, Martina; Unger, Stephan; Beyschlag, Wolfram

doi:10.1071/fp14097

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This might be explained by the fact that over three times more polar metabolic features are modulated in pool size in leaves of P. lanceolata than in P. annua plants under AM conditions (Schweiger et al ., ), which should also be mirrored, at least in part, in the phloem sap. The difference in responses in systemic leaf tissues to the same AMF species between the two plant species may be attributable to a higher fungal root colonisation of dicots compared with grasses (Reinhart et al ., ; Schweiger et al ., ; Höpfner et al ., ), which was also found in our study (Fig. c).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Plant species, mycorrhiza, and aphid age influence the performance and behaviour of a generalist

Tomczak

Müller

2017

Ecological Entomology

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1. Life‐history traits of herbivores are shaped by the combination of various extrinsic and intrinsic variables. However, studies investigating the impact of both variables on insect behavioural phenotypes are rare, and research including the modulation of host plant quality by arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) (extrinsic variable) and the herbivore developmental stage (intrinsic variable) on aphid behaviour is lacking. 2. To study the influences of extrinsic and intrinsic variables on aphid performance and behaviour, individuals of the generalist aphid pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were reared on Plantago lanceolata and Poa annua plants that were either non‐mycorrhized (NM) or mycorrhized (AM). Aphid performance was monitored over 2 weeks. Behavioural traits of nymphs were recorded twice during development after removing individuals from their feeding sites and placing them in an unknown environment (‘open field’), causing disturbance. Plant quality was determined by measuring the water content and leaf mass per area (LMA). 3. Differences in body mass of nymphs at day 6 dependent on plant species and treatment were compensated by the individuals within 4 days. Behavioural traits, considered as activity and exploration, were affected by the interaction between extrinsic and intrinsic variables (activity and exploration) and changed over ontogeny (activity). Independent of AM, a lower water content and LMA were recorded in P. annua leaves. 4. Overall, this study demonstrates that extrinsic and intrinsic variables need to be considered in combination and behavioural traits should be studied repeatedly during insect ontogeny to understand the complexity of microbe‐modulated plant–herbivore interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Plant species, mycorrhiza, and aphid age influence the performance and behaviour of a generalist

Tomczak

Müller

2017

Ecological Entomology

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“…It is well‐known that plant species, cultivars, and accessions respond differently to AMF. Many forbs show a high growth dependency on AM, while the growth response of grasses to AM varies from positive over neutral to negative effects (Hetrick, Wilson, & Cox, 1993; Höpfner, Friede, Unger, & Beyschlag, 2015; Plenchette, Fortin, & Furlan, 1983; Watts‐Williams et al., 2019). Our results indicate that the responsiveness may also differ between plant organs, leading to distinct investments of resources into different plant parts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drought and mycorrhiza on wheat and aphid infestation

Pons

Voß

Schweiger

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Worldwide, crop cultivation is increasingly challenged as a result of climate change (Lobell & Gourdji, 2012). Enhanced CO 2 levels and radiation lead to heatwaves and altered precipitations, exacerbating drought periods (Trenberth et al., 2014). Drought is defined as a climate event with below-normal precipitation in relation to the local normal conditions (Dai, 2011), but can be differentiated into distinct types. Many studies investigate the constant shortage of precipitations, that is, continuous drought (CD)

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“…As opposed to our second hypothesis that the AMF has no influence on the growth of C. canescens , this species showed a markedly negative MGD throughout all treatments, thus indicating consistent AMF parasitism in this species. In a previous pot study, mycorrhizal responsiveness of C. canescens to R. irregularis has been described as neutral (Höpfner et al, 2014 ) and C. canescens is generally considered facultatively mycotrophic (Wang and Qiu, 2006 ; Hempel et al, 2013 ) with quite variable colonization. Negative MGDs in C. canescens in this study may be explained by the fact that, in contrast to pot experiments (e.g., Höpfner et al, 2014 ), there was no spatial limitation for root growth in our experimental setup, leading to better nutrient availability for NM plants and thus reduced mycorrhizal benefits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous pot study, mycorrhizal responsiveness of C. canescens to R. irregularis has been described as neutral (Höpfner et al, 2014 ) and C. canescens is generally considered facultatively mycotrophic (Wang and Qiu, 2006 ; Hempel et al, 2013 ) with quite variable colonization. Negative MGDs in C. canescens in this study may be explained by the fact that, in contrast to pot experiments (e.g., Höpfner et al, 2014 ), there was no spatial limitation for root growth in our experimental setup, leading to better nutrient availability for NM plants and thus reduced mycorrhizal benefits. However, the negative MGDs observed were not clearly related to conditions promoting mycorrhizal parasitism, as although shade and P fertilization had strong negative effects on the growth of AM C. canescens , similar effects were found for NM C. canescens .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although colonization was very high in all treatments, there was no pronounced effect of shade and P fertilization on productivity of H. pilosella when mycorrhizal (Figure 1C ). H. pilosella , being an obligate mycotrophic species without the ability to sustain growth and reproduction without an AMF symbiont (Höpfner et al, 2014 , 2015 ), revealed distinctly positive MGDs in all treatments and significantly higher amounts of tissue P in the AM than in the NM state. Nevertheless, treatments affected P-acquisition, with plant P in AM H. pilosella being highest in light and lowest in shade (Supplementary Table S1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditions Promoting Mycorrhizal Parasitism Are of Minor Importance for Competitive Interactions in Two Differentially Mycotrophic Species

et al. 2016

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Interactions of plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may range along a broad continuum from strong mutualism to parasitism, with mycorrhizal benefits received by the plant being determined by climatic and edaphic conditions affecting the balance between carbon costs vs. nutritional benefits. Thus, environmental conditions promoting either parasitism or mutualism can influence the mycorrhizal growth dependency (MGD) of a plant and in consequence may play an important role in plant-plant interactions. In a multifactorial field experiment we aimed at disentangling the effects of environmental and edaphic conditions, namely the availability of light, phosphorus and nitrogen, and the implications for competitive interactions between Hieracium pilosella and Corynephorus canescens for the outcome of the AMF symbiosis. Both species were planted in single, intraspecific and interspecific combinations using a target-neighbor approach with six treatments distributed along a gradient simulating conditions for the interaction between plants and AMF ranking from mutualistic to parasitic. Across all treatments we found mycorrhizal association of H. pilosella being consistently mutualistic, while pronounced parasitism was observed in C. canescens, indicating that environmental and edaphic conditions did not markedly affect the cost:benefit ratio of the mycorrhizal symbiosis in both species. Competitive interactions between both species were strongly affected by AMF, with the impact of AMF on competition being modulated by colonization. Biomass in both species was lowest when grown in interspecific competition, with colonization being increased in the less mycotrophic C. canescens, while decreased in the obligate mycotrophic H. pilosella. Although parasitism-promoting conditions negatively affected MGD in C. canescens, these effects were small as compared to growth decreases related to increased colonization levels in this species. Thus, the lack of plant control over mycorrhizal colonization was identified as a possible key factor for the outcome of competition, while environmental and edaphic conditions affecting the mutualism-parasitism continuum appeared to be of minor importance.

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Potential advantages of highly mycotrophic foraging for the establishment of early successional pioneer plants on sand

Cited by 13 publications

References 51 publications

Plant species, mycorrhiza, and aphid age influence the performance and behaviour of a generalist

Plant species, mycorrhiza, and aphid age influence the performance and behaviour of a generalist

Effects of drought and mycorrhiza on wheat and aphid infestation

Conditions Promoting Mycorrhizal Parasitism Are of Minor Importance for Competitive Interactions in Two Differentially Mycotrophic Species

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