Potencial of different hydroxyapatites as biomaterials in the bone remodeling

Abstract

To analyze the therapeutic potentials of different hydroxyapatites used for the correction of bone defects in rats. Methods: Forty rats, male, albino wistar, were distributed in 4 groups. They were submitted to a 3.5 mm defect in tibia. They received low purity hydroxyapatite, Strontium hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite doped with gallium, having a seven day evaluation time. Histopathology slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, for morphological evaluation. Were analyzed inflammatory processes, necrosis, presence of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, presence of the material, presence of white cells, neovascularization and bone neoformation. Results: It was observed that the groups HAPSr and HAPGa, presented better results of trabecular bone, hyaline cartilage and bone marrow more organized. Conclusion: There was improvement in the repair of the bone defect produced, showing that these hydroxyapatites are effective osteoinductive, osteoconductive, osteintegrant agents and have biocompatibility, and may be indicated for use in defect repairs.

Modifications of Hydroxyapatite by Gallium and Silver Ions—Physicochemical Characterization, Cytotoxicity and Antibacterial Evaluation

“…Gallium ions are significantly less toxic than silver and have a different antibacterial mechanism, primarily based on the substitution of iron ions in protein metabolism, which leads to the disability of cell functions. Notably, gallium ions show positive effects on bone tissue through the induction of osteoblasts and protection from increased resorption by inhibiting osteoclast activity and modifying crystal solubility, which is harnessed in the treatment of osteoporosis [ 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Therefore, simultaneously enriching HA with silver and gallium ions may lead to a material characterized by high antibacterial efficiency and low toxicity to human cells.…”

Gallium containing bioactive materials: A review of anticancer, antibacterial, and osteogenic properties

“…The doping with gallium was effective in inducing an antibacterial effect against bacterial and fungus strains, without reducing the viability of human cells. Cassino et al [ 129 ] studied gallium doped HA in in-vivo bone remodeling with Wistar rats, observing an improvement in the repair of the bone defects. The in-vivo study showed that gallium doped HA is an effective osteoinductive and osteoconductive agent, making it a promising candidate for bone regeneration applications.…”

“… Improved the repair of bone defects. [ 129 ] Precipitation method and solid-state reaction Hydroxyapatite (Ga content up to 0.35 mass%) Characterization of ceramic by TEM, ICP-OES, XRD, FTIR, and NMR. Cell viability assay using BALB/c 3T3 cells.…”

Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of New Hydroxyapatite-Based Granules Containing Silver or Gallium Ions with Potential Use as Bone Substitutes

“…It should be noted that Ga ions exhibit antiresorptive and antiosteoporotic properties, as well as antitumor, anti-inflammatory and immune suppressive properties [26,35,36]. As a result, HA doped with gallium can be used as biomaterial, which on the one hand enhances bone growth and on the other hand protects from bacterial infection [37][38][39][40]. In the available literature, the use of the aforementioned biomaterial as a drug delivery system is reported [41][42][43].…”