POTEnCIA: A new EU-wide energy sector model

Mantzos, Leonidas; Matei, Nicoleta Anca; Máté, Rózsai; Ruß, Peter; Ramírez, Antonio Soria

doi:10.1109/eem.2017.7982028

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The emission intensity of the system varies with the grid emission factor of the countries, as shown in Figure 11. Emission intensity of BF-BOF process is 1688 kgCO 2 /tls in the EU [72], which is much higher than the HDRI-EAF's emission intensity of 1101 kgCO 2 /tls (at EU's grid emission factor of 295 kgC 2 /MWh). Modeling results show that the emissions from the production of steel in the HDRI-EAF system would be lower in most EU countries at present grid emission levels, except Poland.…”

Section: Emissions From the Hdri-eaf Systemmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The impact of transitioning to HDRI-EAF based primary steel production on energy demand and emissions in different EU countries has been evaluated in this section. Steel production data has been taken from the integrated database of the European energy sector(IDEES) [72]. The reference year for the steel production data is 2015.…”

Section: Energy Consumption and Emissions In Eu Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen

2020

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Production of iron and steel releases seven percent of the global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Incremental changes in present primary steel production technologies would not be sufficient to meet the emission reduction targets. Replacing coke, used in the blast furnaces as a reducing agent, with hydrogen produced from water electrolysis has the potential to reduce emissions from iron and steel production substantially. Mass and energy flow model based on an open-source software (Python) has been developed in this work to explore the feasibility of using hydrogen direct reduction of iron ore (HDRI) coupled with electric arc furnace (EAF) for carbon-free steel production. Modeling results show that HDRI-EAF technology could reduce specific emissions from steel production in the EU by more than 35%, at present grid emission levels (295 kgCO 2 /MWh). The energy consumption for 1 ton of liquid steel (tls) production through the HDRI-EAF route was found to be 3.72 MWh, which is slightly more than the 3.48 MWh required for steel production through the blast furnace (BF) basic oxygen furnace route (BOF). Pellet making and steel finishing processes have not been considered. Sensitivity analysis revealed that electrolyzer efficiency is the most important factor affecting the system energy consumption, while the grid emission factor is strongly correlated with the overall system emissions.Energies 2020, 13, 758 2 of 23 country, on the other hand, has a per capita steel consumption of 66.3 kg. As the standard of living in developing countries increases, demand for steel will grow further. The demand for steel will increase until 2050 [4]. Steel could be produced by reducing iron ore or by recycling steel scrap in an electric arc furnace (EAF). Iron and steel sector releases seven percent of the total CO 2 emission and 16% of the total industrial emission of CO 2 globally [5,6]. Limited availability of scrap and demand for special grades of steel, which can not be produced from steel recycling, would lead to an increased demand for ore based steel production in the future. More than 80% [3] of the ore based steel is produced through the BF-BOF route. The BF-BOF route uses approximately 18 GJ/t of energy supplied from coal [7], and has an emission intensity of approximately 1870 kgCO 2 /tls [4,8] (considering pellet making, steel rolling and finishing steps). Majority of the emissions is released from the blast furnace (61%) and coke making plant (27%) [9].Some of the alternative processes with significantly reduced carbon footprint are BF-BOF with carbon capture and storage (CCS), direct reduction of iron ore (DRI) with CCS, electrowining (electrolysis of iron ore) [10] and green hydrogen-based DRI production. Integration of CCS in steelmaking processes is being explored under the ultra-Low carbon dioxide(CO 2 ) steelmaking (ULCOS) [11,12] project. However, concerns over the safe transport and storage of captured makes CCS options less attractive. Electrowining or molten electrolysis of iron ore is a relatively new technol...

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Section: Emissions From the Hdri-eaf Systemmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Energy Consumption and Emissions In Eu Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen

2020

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“…Past publications using BLUE have focused on understanding the effect of socio-technical inertia, path dependencies and lock-in [70], and economically non-optimal behaviour on future energy transitions [89]. BLUE is a bottom-up hybrid energy system model [34] with a similar formulation to models such as CIMS [90], PRIMES [91] and POTeNCIA [92]. The model simulates the interactions of a population of representative agents, each acting to minimise their own (imperfectly) perceived discounted system costs over time in a myopic fashion.…”

Section: Blue (The Behaviour Lifestyles and Uncertainty Energy Model)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Take me to your leader: Using socio-technical energy transitions (STET) modelling to explore the role of actors in decarbonisation pathways

Strachan

2019

Energy Research & Social Science

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Quantitative modelling analysis in support of national and global decarbonisation pathways has never been more important to achieving global climate stabilisation in line with the Paris Agreement. However, established equilibrium and optimisation models tend to radically simplify their depiction of societal and political/institutional actors. This can make them difficult to use for implementing specific energy and climate policies in the near term and aligning these with long term targets. Most energy systems analysis continues to pair such techno-economic models with entirely qualitative narratives about future political and societal developments. The result is that these critical factors often fade into the background in subsequent discourse. In this paper, we utilise BLUEa leading socio-technical energy transition (STET) model of the United Kingdom's (UK) energy systemto capture elements of the heterogeneity, consistency and co-evolution of societal and political drivers. We focus specifically on exploring government-led and societally-led energy transitions and investigating the differences in their decarbonisation pathways and end states. Our modelling exercise finds that it is not who leads per se that is the most critical, but rather the level of the initial effort and subsequent commitment from both leader and follower actors that appears to regulate the pace at which decarbonisation pathways unfold. However, systemic inertia in all cases means that the deepest decarbonisation targets continue to appear very difficult to achieve.

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“…The model includes the setting of temperature set points, the modeling of infiltration and natural ventilation as well as the implementation of thermal loads due to the presence of people, equipment, and appliances [20]. The energy mixes for both cooling and heating energy production are inferred from Mantzos et al [33].…”

Section: Life Cycle Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Energy and Environmental Assessment of the Thermal Insulation Improvement in Residential Buildings

et al. 2021

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The refurbishment of the building stock is a key strategy towards the achievement of the climate and energy goals of the European Union. This study aims at evaluating the energy and environmental impacts associated with retrofitting a residential apartment to improve its vertical envelope thermal insulation. Two insulation materials, stone wool and cellulose fibers, are compared. The life cycle assessment methodology is applied assuming 1 m2 of retrofitted vertical envelope as functional unit. Moreover, to estimate the net energy and environmental benefits achievable in the retrofitted scenario compared with the non-retrofitted one, a second analysis is performed in which the system boundaries are expanded to include the building operational phase, and 1 m2 of walkable floor per year is assumed as reference. The results show that the use of cellulose fibers involve lower impacts in most of the assessed categories compared to stone wool, except for abiotic resource depletion. In detail, the use of cellulose fibers allows to reduce the impact on climate change up to 20% and the consumption of primary energy up to 10%. The evaluation of the net energy and environmental benefits shows the effectiveness of the retrofit energy policies.

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POTEnCIA: A new EU-wide energy sector model

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen

Decarbonization of the Iron and Steel Industry with Direct Reduction of Iron Ore with Green Hydrogen

Take me to your leader: Using socio-technical energy transitions (STET) modelling to explore the role of actors in decarbonisation pathways

Life Cycle Energy and Environmental Assessment of the Thermal Insulation Improvement in Residential Buildings

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