Potato viruses of 7 commercial cultivars grown in field Primorsky Krai of Russia

Abstract

Scientific relevance. Plant viruses cause a significant economic loss to potato production, especially if plants are infected at early growth stages and infections are mixed. Viral diseases reduce both yield and quality of harvested crops. Detection and identification of plant viruses are key important to prevent their spreading and to achieve potential yield predetermined by characteristics of varieties.Research methods. Seven potato varieties, bred in Russia and overseas, were used in the field experiment: Smak, Avgustin, Yantar, Laperla, Labella, Red Lady, Sante, Belmonda. Viral infection rate was measured by the percent of plants with symptoms to the total number of plants. In addition to infection frequency, a disease rate was described after visual estimation. Total RNA was isolated from the collected leaves according to Bekesiova I. et al. 1999 [13]. Qualitative and quantitative estimation of plant viruses in the samples were conducted by single-step real-time RT-PCR with fluorescent detection with the Applied Biosystems QuantStudio 5 and commercial kits “Potato Virus X, Y, M, L, S, A, PSTVd-RT” (Syntol Company) according to the official protocol of the kits.Results. As a result of our research, symptoms of mixed viral infection were described for potato varieties depending on concentrations and proportions of these viruses in a plant. Mixed viral infection in the potato field in Primorsky Krai comprised PVY, PVX, PVA, PVS, PVM, also PLRV and PSTVd.

Plant viruses in the system of seed potato production

“…All of the symptoms were distinct on potato plants and demonstrated the accumulation of plant viruses (Fig. 2) [33]. In our previous studies, we found that the distribution of plant viruses among the studied varieties was uneven.…”

“…During the years of research, the species composition of viruses did not change significantly. The manifestation of symptoms depended on both the amount and composition of the viral infection [33]. For example, a high concentration of PVX in plants of potato variety Laperla with an equal proportion of all other viruses lead to the development of chlorosis along leaf edges, the necrosis and deformation of leaves, dwarf forms, and mottles.…”

“…For example, a high concentration of PVX in plants of potato variety Laperla with an equal proportion of all other viruses lead to the development of chlorosis along leaf edges, the necrosis and deformation of leaves, dwarf forms, and mottles. In the case of variety Labella, a low concentration of the viruses from mosaic group and PLRV resulted only in chlorosis but the increase in the concentration of PVY by 7,000 times, of PVM by 90 times, and of PVS by two times lead to leaf chlorosis, intense mottles, and uniformly yellow coloration of leaves (Table) [33].…”

“…Transmitting plant viruses by weeds is possible through their direct contact (in the case of mechanically transmitted viruses) with cultivated plants or due to small distances between the plant reservoirs of infection and cultivated plants in fields (in the case of the viruses that depend on vectors). [33] Таблица. Количественная оценка фитовирусной нагрузки на сортах картофеля и петунье [ [ 78 ] АГРОХИМИЯ, АГРОПОЧВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЗАЩИТА И КАРАНТИН РАСТЕНИЙ…”