Potato vine killing methods as related to rate of kill, vascular discoloration, and virus disease spread

Cunningham, Charles E.; Eastman, Paul J.; Goven, M. J.

doi:10.1007/bf02881615

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These include minimizing tuber malformation, over-sizing and disease spread, and eliminating vines for easier harvest. Rapid desiccating of vines can cause disadvantages such as inducing vascular discoloration within tubers (Cunningham et al, 1952) and lowering yield and solids (Nelson and Nylund, 1969). However, the positives favoring vine desiccation outweigh the negatives leading it to become a common production practice.…”

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confidence: 99%

UCC-C4243 Dessication of Potato Vines

Pavlišta¹

2001

horttech

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Chemical vine desiccation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is widely used in the USA. Diquat is the major vine desiccant but has some drawbacks such as incomplete stem desiccation allowing regrowth. A new herbicide, UCC-C4243, was evaluated as a replacement for diquat. The potato cultivar `Atlantic' was treated with UCC-C4243 (a.i.) at 0.25 to 2.5 oz/acre (17.5 to 175 g·ha-1), and leaf and stem desiccation efficiency was compared to diquat (a.i.) at 4 oz/acre (280 g·ha-1). Split applications of UCC-C4243 were compared to double applications of diquat. Subjective evaluations were made on regrowth and tuber skinning, and objective measurements on specific gravity and yield. Trials were conducted from 1991 to 1995 at Scottsbluff, NE. UCC-C4243 at 1.5 oz/acre (105 g·ha-1) and higher significantly increased leaf and stem desiccation compared to diquat. There was no difference between single and split applications of UCC-C4243. UCC-C4243 suppressed regrowth at 1 oz/acre (70 g·ha-1) and prevented it at 2.5 oz/acre at 3 weeks after treatment while diquat did not. Skin set of tubers was promoted equally by all desiccants. Specific gravity was not lowered by UCC-C4243 but was by diquat. Yields were not affected by either UCC-C4243 at 1.5 oz/acre or diquat at 4 oz/acre. UCC-C4243 was more effective than diquat as a vine desiccant without the regrowth and tuber specific gravity effects associated with diquat.

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confidence: 99%

UCC-C4243 Dessication of Potato Vines

Pavlišta¹

2001

horttech

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“…Calcium arsenates have been applied to cotton and tobacco fields to protect these crops from boll weevils, beetles and other insects. Arsenic trioxide has been widely used as a soil sterilant (3) and sodium arsenite has been used for aquatic weed control (4) and as a defoliant to kill potato vines prior to tuber harvest (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior and Phototoxicity of Inorganic Arsenicals in Soils

Walsh

Keeney

1975

ACS Symposium Series

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“…Control often required the application of considerable quantities of lead or calcium arsenate or cuprous arsenite (I). More recently, arsenic trioxide has been widely used as a soil sterilant and sodium arsenite for aquatic weed control and as a defoliant to kill potato vines prior to harvest (2)(3)(4)(5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of arsenic in soils and plants

Walsh¹,

Sumner²,

Keeney³

1977

Environ Health Perspect

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Inorganic arsenicals have been used in agriculture as pesticides or defoliants for many years and, in localized areas, oxides of arsenic have contaminated soils as a result of fallout from ore-smelting operations and coal-fired power plants. Use of inorganic arsenicals is no longer permitted in most agricultural operations, and recent air pollution controls have markedly reduced contamination from smelters. Thus, this paper will concentrate on the effect of past applications on arsenic accumulation in soil, phytotoxicity to and uptake by plants as influenced by soil properties, and alleviation of the deleterious effects of arsenic. Once incorporated into the soil, inorganic arsenical pesticides and arsenic oxides revert to arsenates, except where the soil is under reducing conditions. The arsenate ion has properties similar to that of orthophosphate, and is readily sorbed by iron and aluminum components. This reaction greatly restricts the downward movement (leaching) of arsenic in soils and the availability of arsenic to plants. Several methods of estimating plant available arsenic in soils have been developed. They involve extraction of the soil with reagents used to estimate phosphorus availability. This extractable arsenic is reasonably well correlated with reduced plant growth by, and plant uptake of arsenic. For most plants, levels of arsenic in the edible portion of the plant are well below the critical concentration for animal or human consumption, even when severe phytotoxicity occurs. Alleviation of arsenic phytotoxicity has been attempted by increasing the soil pH, by use of iron or aluminum sulfate, by desorbing arsenate with phosphate and subsequent leaching, and by cultural practices such as deep plowing. Only limited benefits have accrued from these procedures the cost of which is often prohibitively high. Since attempts to reduce arsenic toxicity have not been very successful, its excessive accumulation in soils should be avoided.

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Potato vine killing methods as related to rate of kill, vascular discoloration, and virus disease spread

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

UCC-C4243 Dessication of Potato Vines

UCC-C4243 Dessication of Potato Vines

Behavior and Phototoxicity of Inorganic Arsenicals in Soils

Occurrence and distribution of arsenic in soils and plants

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