Potato Tuber Yield, Mineral Concentration, and Quality after Calcium Fertilization

Clough, George H.

doi:10.21273/jashs.119.2.175

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Yield was not affected by addition of Ca in this study, regardless of location–year. A similar lack of yield response to additional Ca application has been reported by others (Clough, 1994; Kleinhenz et al, 1999; Silva et al, 1991).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

4×–2× Potato Clones with Resistance or Susceptibility to Internal Heat Necrosis Differ in Tuber Mineral Status

et al. 2006

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Internal heat necrosis (IHN) is a physiological disorder resulting in necrotic tissue in the pith of potato (Solanum spp.) tubers. Susceptibility is associated with localized Ca deficiency within the tuber, but Ca availability may be influenced by other nutrients. Studies in Virginia, North Carolina, and New Jersey in 2001 and 2002 determined the influence of soil‐applied Ca on tuber yield, specific gravity (SG), IHN, and nutrient concentration. Furrow‐applied Ca sulfate (448 kg ha−1 Ca) was applied to IHN resistant or susceptible interspecific 4×–2× S. tuberosum L. (tbr) × S. phureja Juz. & Bukasov–S. stenotomum Juz. & Bukasov hybrids. Tuber yield, SG, incidence and severity of IHN, and pith concentrations of P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Na, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe were determined. Clones differed significantly for yield, SG, and IHN expression. Resistant clones were lower in IHN incidence than susceptible clones, but the clone × Ca interaction was not consistently significant within location–years. Incidence was fit with a classification and regression tree (CART) model with the 10 nutrients as regressors, which revealed that IHN‐resistant clones had higher tuber concentrations of Mn and S, but lower P. These results suggest that resistance or susceptibility to IHN is a complex function of tuber tissue mineral status. Mn, S, and P may make a more important contribution to clonal IHN resistance than Ca. Additional work is needed to verify the potential for minimizing IHN by either nutrient management or genetic enhancement.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

4×–2× Potato Clones with Resistance or Susceptibility to Internal Heat Necrosis Differ in Tuber Mineral Status

et al. 2006

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“…However, their experiments showed that supplementation with gypsum (CaSO 4 ) as a source of Ca was not an effective means of increasing tuber Ca, at least at their Michigan test site, leading them to hypothesize that environmental conditions played a more important role in Ca uptake than Ca levels in the soil. In contrast, the experiments of Clough (1994) showed that preplant gypsum addition had a statistically significant effect on reducing IHN severity in Atlantic, and incidence decreased linearly as gypsum preplant rates were increased. Atlantic also displayed reduced IHN incidence with a side-dress application of CaNO 3 .…”

Section: Soil Type and Calcium Level In The Soilmentioning

confidence: 79%

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

et al. 2008

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Non-pathogenic necroses of potato tubers have been described in the literature since the early 20th century using different names including internal rust spot, internal browning, physiological internal necrosis, internal brown fleck, chocolate spot, internal brown spot and internal heat necrosis. These reports very likely describe either the same, or a collection of similar disorders, falling under the general umbrella of "internal necrosis", with the expression of symptoms being significantly altered via genotype by environment interactions. A number of widely-grown cultivars (e.g. 'Russet Burbank', 'Atlantic' and 'Yukon Gold') are susceptible to internal necrosis, making it an economically significant problem. In Atlantic, this syndrome has been termed internal heat necrosis (IHN) in the eastern United States by several investigators because heat and drought are believed to be important triggers of this condition. Investigators in the midwestern and western United States term this same or similar disorder internal brown spot (IBS). IHN and IBS are an internal physiological disorder of potato characterized by brownish red necrotic patches of parenchymal tissue that typically, though not always, occur along and/or inside the vascular ring. Several reports indicate that IHN is most commonly associated with the vascular ring tissue near the apical end of the tuber, but IHN may form anywhere in the tuber. In many cases, it is very difficult to distinguish between IHN and IBS, and several overlapping environmental factors are associated with each of these disorders. High day and night temperatures early in the growing season, combined with low rainfall, have been shown to increase the frequency and severity of IHN and IBS in several cultivars. Considerable research has examined the role of calcium in ameliorating IHN and IBS expression. Much of this work suggests an important role for calcium in the development of IHN, but other biotic and abiotic factors undoubtedly affect IHN and IBS expression. The biochemistry and genetics behind internal necroses of potato have historically been the leastresearched facets of this problem. Research has shown that enzymes involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage may be involved, and heritability studies have demonstrated that broad-sense heritability for IHN resistance is high. This review seeks to outline previous work on physiological internal necroses of potato due to high temperatures, summarize our current knowledge of IHN, and point to new areas of investigation to develop IHN resistant potato varieties.Resumen Desde comienzos del siglo 20 se han descrito en la literatura unas necrosis no patogénicas del tubérculo de papa, usando diferentes nombres, como herrumbre interna, oscurecimiento interno, necrosis fisiológica interna, punto oscuro interno, mancha chocolate, mancha marrón interna y necrosis interna por calor. Estos nombres parecen describir ya sea la misma enfermedad o una colección de desórdenes similares que caen dentro de la descripción general "necrosis ...

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“…These recommendations, as noted earlier, are for the above ground plant growth. Similarly, improvement in tuber quality by in-season application has been reported in sandy loam soils in Oregon (Clough 1994) and fine sandy soils in Florida (Locascio et al 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Exchangeable Soil Calcium May Not Reliably Predict In-season Calcium Requirements for Enhancing Potato Tuber Calcium Concentration

Gunter

Palta

2008

Am. J. Pot Res

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Previous research has provided evidence that Ca is transported to the tuber along with water via the roots on stolons and tubers. Several studies have documented that in-season Ca application can increase tuber Ca concentration and reduce storage rot and internal defects such as hollow heart, brown center, and internal brown spot. The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between preplant soil test Ca levels and the tuber Ca concentration. Recommendation for Ca application in potato production guides are not necessarily geared towards tubers unique nutritional needs. In general, for potato production, Ca applications are recommended only if pre-plant soil exchangeable Ca is below 300 mg kg −1 . Studies were conducted in two soil types, namely loamy sand (Hancock location) and silt loam (Antigo location). The pre-plant soil Ca for the loamy sand tested at 285-563 mg kg −1 and the silt loam tested at 530-1,340 mg kg −1 of exchangeable Ca. Five cultivars were grown with or without in-season Ca applications of 168 kg ha −1 . At Hancock, 30 separate trials were conducted between the years 1999-2006, whereas at Antigo, 15 separate trials were conducted between the years 1995-1998. The tuber Ca concentration increased in 38 of the 45 total trials carried out in both locations. This increase in tuber Ca concentration varied among cultivars and seasons but had no relationship with soil Ca. This increase in tuber CA concentration occurred even when pre-season exchangeable Ca tested at over 1,000 mg kg −1 . These results suggest that testing for exchangeable Ca in these soils is not a good (or reliable) predictor of tuber Ca needs.Resumen Investigaciones recientes han proporcionado evidencias que calcio es transportado a los tubérculos junto con el agua mediante las raíces de los estolones y de los tubérculos. Varios estudios han documentado que aplicando calcio durante el período de crecimiento puede incrementar la concentración de calcio en el tubérculo y reducir los problemas de pudrición durante el almacenamiento, así como los defectos internos conocidos como corazón hueco (hollow heart), centro pardo (brown center) y mancha parda (internal brown spot). El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar la relación entre los niveles de calcio del suelo antes de plantar y la concentración de calcio en el tubérculo. Las recomendaciones para la aplicación de calcio, encontradas en las guías de producción de papa, no son necesariamente hechas de acuerdo a las necesidades nutricionales de los tubérculos. En general, para la producción de papa, la aplicación de calcio es recomendable solamente si el calcio con naturaleza química intercambiable presente en el suelo antes de plantar, es menor de 300 mg kg −1 . Se llevaron a cabo estudios en dos tipos de suelo, arenoso (Hancock) y sedimentario (Antigo). El análisis del suelo arenoso antes de plantar arrojó un valor de 285 mg kg −1 y, el suelo sedimentario de 530-1,340 mg kg −1 de calcio intercambiable. Cinco variedades fueron cultivadas con y sin la apl...

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Potato Tuber Yield, Mineral Concentration, and Quality after Calcium Fertilization

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

4×–2× Potato Clones with Resistance or Susceptibility to Internal Heat Necrosis Differ in Tuber Mineral Status

4×–2× Potato Clones with Resistance or Susceptibility to Internal Heat Necrosis Differ in Tuber Mineral Status

Internal Heat Necrosis of Potato—A Review

Exchangeable Soil Calcium May Not Reliably Predict In-season Calcium Requirements for Enhancing Potato Tuber Calcium Concentration

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