Potassium Sulphate Precipitation from Aqueous Solution by Salting-out with Acetone

Effects of operating conditions on agglomeration and habit of paracetamol crystals in anti-solvent crystallization

“…Their main finding was that slight dilution of antisolvent greatly improved the permeability of crystal cake by reducing excessive nucleation in the local regions of anti-solvent injection point. Mullin et al [15] measured the metastable zone width (MZW) in crystallization of potassium sulfate at different anti-solvent and solvent compositions. They reported that seeding appeared to have little or no effect on MZW.…”

Computational fluid dynamics modeling of mixing effects for crystallization in coaxial nozzles

“…Various experimental studies of antisolvent crystallization in an agitated semibatch vessel indicate that the crystal size distribution (CSD) depends strongly on operating conditions such as agitation rate, mode of addition (direct or reverse), addition rate, solvent composition, and size of the crystallizer [3,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. The polymorphic or pseudopolymorphic form can also depend on the operating conditions [32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

An interpretation of the metastable zone width concerning primary nucleation in anti-solvent crystallization

“…The effects on MSZW of stirrer speed, anti-solvent addition rate, method of detecting the point of MSZW and antisolvent addition location (or mixing of anti-solvent with solution) will be discussed by using the new model. [1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In the present paper, the solute composition C is defined, according to the literature [1,4,5], by the mass ratio of solute to solvent and the anti-solvent composition A is expressed as the mass ratio of antisolvent to solvent.…”

“…[1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. In the present paper, the solute composition C is defined, according to the literature [1,4,5], by the mass ratio of solute to solvent and the anti-solvent composition A is expressed as the mass ratio of antisolvent to solvent. For simplicity, we consider the case that solvent-free (non-diluted) anti-solvent with no solute is added into the initial solution saturated with the solute.…”

“…1). On the other hand, the primary nucleation rate J n can be written in an approximate form as a function of supersaturation DC [1,4]:…”