Posture and Social Problem Solving, Self-Esteem, and Optimism

Nielsen, Sarah

doi:10.5539/ijps.v9n4p44

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Further, LPPs elicited negative mood (Rossberg‐Gempton & Poole, 1993) and guilt (Rotella & Richeson, 2013). By contrast, various authors (Davis et al, 2017; Jackson, Nault, Smart Richman, LaBelle, & Rohleder, 2017; Miragall, Etchemendy, Cebolla, Rodriguez, Medrano, & Baños, 2018; 4 Saggese et al, 2018) found no effects of poses on emotions, social anxiety, or vitality, and Nielsen (2017) reported no difference in optimism between people adopting HPPs versus LPPs. Finally, in chronically powerless people, HPPs elicited more vengeance than LPPs (Strelan, Weick, & Vasiljevic, 2014).…”

Section: Effects On the Actormentioning

confidence: 97%

“…With respect to state self‐esteem, there were also effects of HPPs (Klenner, Otto, & Asbrock, 2016; Körner, Köhler, & Schütz, 2020; Körner, Petersen, & Schütz, 2019) but there were no effects on trait self‐esteem (Kwon & Kim, 2015; Nielsen, 2017). Further, LPPs elicited negative mood (Rossberg‐Gempton & Poole, 1993) and guilt (Rotella & Richeson, 2013).…”

Section: Effects On the Actormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominance or prestige: A review of the effects of power poses and other body postures

Körner

Schütz

2020

Social & Personality Psych

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Research on the effects of body positions has attracted enormous attention in recent years but has been plagued by failed replication attempts. Today, there is some confusion about which effects can be considered reliable. One problem that may have contributed to this confusion is the fact that most previous studies have not clearly distinguished between different types of body positions. We apply the dominance‐prestige framework to distinguish between two types of body positions. On the basis of this reasoning, we argue that research on so‐called power poses in fact has analyzed expansiveness as an indicator of dominance, whereas research on postures has focused on the straightness of the spine, which may be seen as a display of prestige. We review the literature and conclude that there is no clear evidence that short‐term interventions involving body positions affect physiology or behavior. Still, there are effects on actors' self‐perceptions. Repeatedly, studies on power poses have found effects on feelings of power and self‐evaluations, and studies on postures have found effects on emotional experience. However, there is hardly any research that has directly compared the two types of interventions.

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Section: Effects On the Actormentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Effects On the Actormentioning

confidence: 99%

Dominance or prestige: A review of the effects of power poses and other body postures

Körner

Schütz

2020

Social & Personality Psych

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“…These three studies observed either a change only after expansive postures (Bohns & Wiltermuth, 2012;Lee & Schnall, 2014) or no significant effect (Jamnik & Zvelc, 2017). Similarly, only four studies included a control group, and observed a significant difference only for the constrictive posture (Cesario & McDonald, 2013) or no significant effects (Davis et al, 2017;Nielsen, 2017;Smith & Apicella, 2017). Thanks to the reasonably high statistical power and to the within-subject design of the current study, we can be more confident that the observed posture effects did not originate from baseline between-group differences in approach and avoidance tendencies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Second, the majority of studies on other postural feedback effects used explicit self-reports (Kozak et al, 2014;Nielsen, 2017;Peña & Chen, 2017;Rotella & Richeson, 2013;Strelan et al, 2014). The posture effect on explicit feelings of power in a meta-analysis of six pre-registered and highly-powered studies (Gronau et al, 2017) was larger in subjects familiar with "power posing"., suggesting that explicit self-reports are susceptible to demand effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Power posture effects on approach and avoidance decisions in response to social threat

Metzler¹,

Vilarem²,

Petschen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Individuals’ opportunities for action in threatening social contexts largely depend on their social power. While powerful individuals can afford to confront aggressors and dangers, powerless individuals need others’ support and better avoid direct challenges. Here, we investigated if adopting expansive or constrictive postures, which function as social signals of power, impacts individuals’ approach and avoidance decisions in response to social threat signals using a within-subject design. Overall, participants more often chose to avoid rather than to approach angry individuals, but showed no clear approach or avoidance preference for fearful individuals. Crucially, constrictive posture considerably increased the tendency to avoid angry individuals, whereas expansive postures induced no substantial changes. This suggests that adopting power-related postures can impact action decisions in response to social threat signals. The present results emphasize the social function of power postures and are discussed in the context of the debate on the replicability of power posture effects.

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“…Individuals with positive self-esteem believe that they are valuable people, view stress more positively, and can solve various problems in their lives (Hall, Crutchfield, & Jones, 2018). This self-validation effect encourages individuals to display various behaviors that are believed to be good for them (Nielsen, 2017), including one of which is social problem-solving. The research of Cong, Ling, and Aun (2019) states that individuals with high self-esteem tend to do problemfocused coping.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Problem-Solving in Freshmen: The Role of Emotional Stability, Secure Attachment, Communication Skill, and Self-Esteem

et al. 2021

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Freshmen during the pandemic faced some complex problems during their transition, including adjustments to the online lecture system and independent learning, task demands, and limited social interaction with lecturers and classmates. This condition required the ability to solve problems effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this research was to determine how emotional stability, secure attachment, communication skills, and self-esteem influence social problem-solving. Participants in this research were 702 first-year students from university X who were active and domiciled in the Jakarta Greater Area and several other cities. The measuring instruments used were the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised Short-Form, the Self-Esteem Scale, the Interpersonal Communication Scale, the Indonesian version of the Big Five Inventory for neuroticism, and the Secure Attachment Scale. The data was collected through an online questionnaire. The data analysis technique used hierarchical regression. The results show that emotional stability in the form of low neuroticism has a strong effect on social problem-solving, and this effect is stronger when the secure attachment variables and communication skills are taken into the analysis. When self-esteem is included as the last variable, secure attachment no longer affects social problem-solving. However, the total influence is simultaneously getting stronger.

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Posture and Social Problem Solving, Self-Esteem, and Optimism

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Dominance or prestige: A review of the effects of power poses and other body postures

Dominance or prestige: A review of the effects of power poses and other body postures

Power posture effects on approach and avoidance decisions in response to social threat

Social Problem-Solving in Freshmen: The Role of Emotional Stability, Secure Attachment, Communication Skill, and Self-Esteem

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