Postprandial Studies Uncover Differing Effects on HDL Particles of Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism

McGowan, Anne; Widdowson, William M; O’Regan, Anna; Boran, Gerard; McEneny, Jane; Gibney, James

doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0443

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Arikan et al ( 57 ) also compared euthyroid, OH and SCH patients and detected higher TG levels 8 h postprandially in hypothyroid patients than in controls. In a more recent study, apolipoprotein B48 (Apo B48), a marker of intestinally derived lipoprotein, was found to be higher in overt and SCH compared to euthyroid patients ( 58 ), though the effect of SCH was milder than that of OH. On the other hand, hypothyroidism was not observed to be associated with chylomicronemia (non-fasting TG above 177 mg/dL) in 108,711 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study in whom obesity and T2DM were the main risk factors ( 59 ).…”

Section: Triglyceride Remnants Residual Cvd Risk and Thyroid Hormonmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism

2018

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Thyroid dysfunction, manifesting as either overt or subclinical hypothyroidism, negatively affects lipid metabolism: this leads to hypercholesterolemia which progressively increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and, potentially, mortality. Hypercholesterolemia in hypothyroidism is mainly due to a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity, this accompanied by concomitant diminishing control by triiodothyronine (T3) of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 (SREBP-2), which modulates cholesterol biosynthesis by regulating rate-limit degrading enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA) activity. Recently, 3,5-diiodothyronine (T2), a natural thyroid hormone derivative, was found to repress the transcription factor carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) and also to be involved in lipid catabolism and lipogenesis, though via a different pathway than that of T3. While thyroid hormone could therapeutically reverse the dyslipidemic profile commonly occurring in hypothyroidism, it should be borne in mind that the potency of the effects may be age-and sex-dependent. Thyroid hormone administration possibly also sustains and enhances the efficacy of hypolipidemic drugs, such as statins, ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), in patients with dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism.

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Section: Triglyceride Remnants Residual Cvd Risk and Thyroid Hormonmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism

2018

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“…22 McGowan et al suggested that reduced cholesteryl-ester-transfer-protein activity may have a subtle impact on HDL-2 and HDL-3 subtypes of HDL cholesterol in patients with OPH. 23 In a study from Greece, 6-month levothyroxine supplementation in patients with ScH did not result in any significant change in serum levels of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, Apo-B, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, antithrombin-III, protein-C, protein-S, fibrinogen or homocysteine after restoration of euthyroidism. 24 Very mild ScH may explain the lack of changes in serum levels of TC, LDL-C and apo-B in the previous study, whose levels are typically increased in OPH and ScH and usually normalise following restoration of euthyroidism, unless there are other associated factors contributing to dyslipidaemia, such as significant insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Carbohydrate-rich Meals Have no Impact on Post-prandial Lipid Parameters in Indians with Subclinical and Overt Primary Hypothyroidism

Sharma

Kulshreshtha

et al. 2020

European Endocrinology

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“…2). In total, 10 original studies [12,24,34,40,42,44,46,[54][55][56] with 760 subjects were included to explore the changes of FMD in SCH subjects. It was demonstrated that FMD significantly decreased in SCH compared with control groups [WMD − 1.848 %; 95 % CI (− 2.298, − 1.399); p < 0.001], with heterogeneity, I 2 = 75.5 % (▶ Fig.…”

Section: Study Selection and Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It shows that the incidence of cardiovascular events is associated with increased C-IMT [20]. In the past twelve yrs, some studies have demonstrated that SCH was associated with endothelial dysfunction which relates to the reduction of FMD and the increase of C-IMT [12,13,[21][22][23], but other studies have demonstrated that FMD and C-IMT in SCH patients was not significantly different compared with controls [24][25][26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Function in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2019

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The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine whether patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) have impaired endothelial function, which is assessed by carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of brachial artery. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases and the key studies references were searched in our study, prior to July 2017 for all language articles about FMD or C-IMT in SCH and euthyroid subjects. Two authors screened documents and extracted data by pre-established standard independently. The pooled estimate for continuous data was calculated using random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the robustness of the meta-analysis. Publication bias was examined with funnel plot analysis and Egger’s test. In this meta-analysis, 10 studies with 760 subjects are related to FMD with SCH and 23 studies with 1521 subjects are related to C-IMT with SCH. The pooled estimate of the weighted mean difference (WMD) has revealed that SCH correlated with increased C-IMT [WMD 0.069 mm; 95% CI (0.042, 0.095); p<0.001] and decreased FMD [WMD −1.848%; 95% CI (−2.298, −1.399); p<0.001] with high heterogeneity. Compared with EU controls, SCH was also associated with an increased diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) levels, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). This meta-analysis demonstrates that SCH is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which may relate with increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Hypertension and dyslipidemia may play a crucial part in the development of endothelial dysfunction.

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Postprandial Studies Uncover Differing Effects on HDL Particles of Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Cited by 16 publications

References 59 publications

A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism

A Renewed Focus on the Association Between Thyroid Hormones and Lipid Metabolism

Carbohydrate-rich Meals Have no Impact on Post-prandial Lipid Parameters in Indians with Subclinical and Overt Primary Hypothyroidism

Endothelial Function in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Meta-Analysis

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