Postnatal growth and neuropsychological performance in preterm-birth preschoolers.

Raz, Sarah; Newman, Julie Bapp; DeBastos, Angela K.; Peters, Brittany N.; Batton, Daniel G.

doi:10.1037/neu0000038

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…These negative findings seem inconsistent with the notion that early gains in lean body mass (and, therefore, linear growth) are closely related to organ (including brain) growth and differentiation (Ramel et al, 2012). Although in our earlier, cross-sectional, study (Raz et al, 2014), we found some support for Ramel et al’s expectation that functional outcome will be linked to length measurements, the current results did not lend support to their thesis. The absence of significant relationships between early postnatal linear growth and neuropsychological functioning at preschool age may be partly due to reduced accuracy of length measurements in newborns, likely associated with the difficulty in keeping children fully stretched-out and still (WHO Multicentre Growth Reference Study Group, 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The study of postnatal anthropometric data obtained from children born preterm, conducted in the past two decades, involved examination of head size (Charkaluk et al, 2011; Cheong et al, 2008; Cooke, 2005; Kuban et al, 2009; Kurdahi Badr, Bookheimer, Purdy, & Deeb, 2009; Raz, Newman, DeBastos, Peters, and Barron, 2014; Rijken et al, 2007), body-length or stature (e.g., Heinonen et al, 2008, Ramel et al, 2012; Raz et al, 2014), and body-weight (e.g., Heinonen et al, 2008; Kan et al, 2008). In this at-risk population, anthropometric indices reflecting physical growth during single (e.g., Raz et al, 2014) or multiple (e.g., Cooke, 2006) developmental stages, spanning from hospital discharge (e.g., Ramel et al, 2012) to adolescence (e.g., Cooke, 2006), have been shown to be associated with neuropsychological outcome. Follow-up periods ranged from infancy (e.g., Ramel et al, 2012) to preschool or school-age (Cooke, 2006; Cooke & Foulder-Hughes, 2003; Kan et al, 2008; Peterson, Taylor, Minich, Klein, & Hack, 2006; Raz et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Raz

DeBastos

Newman

et al. 2015

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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We studied the associations between early postnatal growth gains and neuropsychological outcome in very preterm-born children. Specifically, we wished to establish whether relationships exist between gains in head circumference (relative to gains in body-weight or length), from birth to hospital discharge, and intellectual, language, or motor, performance at preschool age. We used data from 127 preschoolers, born <33 weeks, all graduates of the William Beaumont Hospital Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit (NICU) in Royal Oak, MI. Cognitive, motor, and language outcomes were evaluated using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scales of Intelligence-Revised, Peabody Developmental Scales - 2(nd) Edition, and the Preschool Language Scale - 3(rd) Edition, respectively. Differences between Z-scores at birth and hospital discharge, calculated for three anthropometric measures (head circumference, weight, length), were variables of interest in separate simultaneous multiple regression procedures. We statistically adjusted for sex, socioeconomic status, birth weight, length of hospitalization, perinatal complications, and intrauterine growth. Examination of the relationships between anthropometric indices and outcome measures revealed a significant association between NICU head growth and global intelligence, with the Z-difference score for head circumference accounting for a unique portion of the variance in global intelligence (ηp(2) =.04). Early postnatal head growth is significantly associated with neuropsychological outcome in very preterm-born preschoolers. To conclude, despite its relative brevity, NICU stay, often overlapping with the end of 2(nd) and with the 3(rd) trimester of pregnancy, appears to be a sensitive developmental period for brain substrates underlying neuropsychological functions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Raz

DeBastos

Newman

et al. 2015

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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“…It is unclear whether, and to what extent, sample characteristics contributed to the differences in the results. At any case, in a recent study of extreme preterm birth (Raz et al, 2010), where sample selection criteria for gestational age were more similar to those of Kan et al (2008), we reported an incidental finding of significant relationships between the intrauterine growth z score and cognitive skills. In our study of VPT children, with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (Newman, Debastos, Batton, & Raz, 2011), we documented a similar trend.…”

mentioning

confidence: 52%

Intrauterine Growth and Neuropsychological Performance in Very Low Birth Weight Preschoolers

Raz

DeBastos

Newman

et al. 2012

J Int Neuropsychol Soc

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In this study we examined the association between intrauterine growth, indexed either as a categorical variable or continuous dimension, and neuropsychological outcome, in a very low birth weight (VLBW) sample of 143 preschoolers. When the commonly used split at the 10th percentile rank was applied to classify intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), we found that the growth restricted group (n = 25) exhibited significantly poorer performance in the global motor domain, but not on any other neuropsychological measure. In contrast, when adequacy of intrauterine growth was indexed by standardized birth weight, a continuous dimension, this early risk factor explained a unique portion of the variance in global cognitive abilities and visuospatial skills, as well as in global, fine, and gross motor skills. These findings are consistent with recent magnetic resonance imaging data disclosing global neurodevelopmental changes in the brains of preterm infants with IUGR. When cases classified with IUGR (<10th percentile) were excluded, the relationship between adequacy of intrauterine growth and global cognitive abilities remained significant despite range restriction. Hence, an association between appropriateness of intrauterine growth and global intellectual outcome may be observed even within the population of VLBW preschoolers with adequate standardized birth weight.

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“…In the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) setting, optimizing cardiorespiratory function takes precedence in therapeutic targeting to improve mortality. It is well recognized that long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes beyond mere survival are critically dependent on nutrition and optimal growth [26]. Protein accretion in turn is dependent on cellular acid-base status, electrolyte homeostasis, and the conservation of micro- and macroelements.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal consequences of preterm birth

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe developmental origin of health and disease concept identifies the brain, cardiovascular, liver, and kidney systems as targets of fetal adverse programming with adult consequences. As the limits of viability in premature infants have been pushed to lower gestational ages, the long-term impact of prematurity on kidneys still remains a significant burden during hospital stay and beyond.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to summarize available evidence, mechanisms, and short- and long-term renal consequences of prematurity and identify nephroprotective strategies and areas of uncertainty.ResultsKidney size and nephron number are known to be reduced in surviving premature infants due to disruption of organogenesis at a crucial developmental time point. Inflammation, hyperoxia, and antiangiogenic factors play a role in epigenetic conditioning with potential life-long consequences. Additional kidney injury from hypoperfusion and nephrotoxicity results in structural and functional changes over time which are often unnoticed. Nephropathy of prematurity and acute kidney injury confound glomerular and tubular maturation of preterm kidneys. Kidney protective strategies may ameliorate growth failure and suboptimal neurodevelopmental outcomes in the short term. In later life, subclinical chronic renal disease may progress, even in asymptomatic survivors.ConclusionAwareness of renal implications of therapeutic interventions and renal conservation efforts may lead to a variety of short and long-term benefits. Adequate monitoring and supplementation of microelement losses, gathering improved data on renal handling, and exploration of new avenues such as reliable markers of injury and new therapeutic strategies in contemporary populations, as well as long-term follow-up of renal function, is warranted.

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Postnatal growth and neuropsychological performance in preterm-birth preschoolers.

Cited by 13 publications

References 80 publications

Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Physical Growth in the Neonatal Intensive-Care Unit and Neuropsychological Performance at Preschool Age in very Preterm-Born Singletons

Intrauterine Growth and Neuropsychological Performance in Very Low Birth Weight Preschoolers

Renal consequences of preterm birth

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