Postnatal development of rat lung. Changes in lung lectin, elastin, acetylcholinesterase and other enzymes

Powell, Janet T.; Whitney, Philip L.

doi:10.1042/bj1880001

Cited by 88 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Later in neonatal development the elastin fibers mature as indicated by the marked increase in lung desmosine content. An interesting observation is in immature fibers the ratio of isodesmosine to desmosine is higher than in mature fibers (28,31,87).…”

Section: Mammalian Lungmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In the rodent and fetal lamb, elastin synthesis has been highly correlated with selected features of lung development (7,19,28,31,54,77,104 Figure 7, it is possible to demonstrate that the incorporation of amino acids into elastin fibers occurs prior to the appearance of desmosine (28,54). One interpretation is that there is an increase in elastin biosynthesis associated with the process of alveolarization.…”

Section: Mammalian Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastin metabolism and chemistry: potential roles in lung development and structure.

Rucker¹,

Dubick²

1984

Environ Health Perspect

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Elastic fibers are important for elasticity and extensibility of lung tissue. In the developing lung, elastic fibers appear in greatest numbers during the process or period of alveolarization. A variety of mesenchymal cells in lung appear responsible for elastin synthesis. Elastin is a novel protein both from the standpoint of its processing into elastic fibers and chemical properties. For example, elastin undergoes posttranslational modification before its assembly into fibers. These steps include limited proteolysis, hydroxylation of prolyl residues and the oxidative deamination of lysyl residues prior to their incorporation into the crosslinks that covalently bond together polypeptide chains of elastin. The crosslinking amino acids include lysinonorleucine, merodesmosine and desmosine isomers. A key enzyme that controls this process is lysyl oxidase. Lysyl oxidase is a copper metalloprotein whose activity is responsive to and modulated by environmental insults, nutrition deficiencies and the administration of various pharmacological agents. Regarding chemical properties, elastin is one of the most apolar proteins secreted by mammalian cells. Moreover, elastin is one of the most long-lived proteins secreted into the extracellular matrix. In relationship to its processing into elastic fibers and chemical properties, details related to major aspects of elastin metabolism as well as speculation on its potential as a factor in lung development and disease are discussed.

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Section: Mammalian Lungmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Mammalian Lungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastin metabolism and chemistry: potential roles in lung development and structure.

Rucker¹,

Dubick²

1984

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Two recent publications have substantially reviewed the literature on the topic (1,2). The majority of studies have concerned the rat because in this species the different processes of growth and development of the lung are well characterized (3)(4)(5)(6). In this respect, critical transformations of the lung parenchyma in the postnatal period corresponding to the developmental steps of alveolization and microvascular maturation occur before the age of 3 wk.…”

Section: Institute Of Anatomy Section Of Developmental Biology Univmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Deficiency and the Growing Rat Lung. I. Nutritional Findings and Related Lung Volumes

1995

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We investigated the consequences of early malnutrition on milk production by dams and on body weight and structural lung growth of young rats using two models of protein restriction. Dams of the early restriction group were fed an 8% casein diet starting at parturition. Those of the delayed restriction group received a 12% casein diet from lactation d 8-14 and thereafter the 8% diet. After weaning, early restriction and delayed restriction group rats were maintained on low protein until d 49, then refed the control diet (18% casein) up to d 126. Milk was analyzed on d 12. Animals were killed at d 21, 49, and 126 for lung fixation in situ. In this report, we show that protein restriction lowered milk yield to 38% of normal. Milk lipid per gram of dry weight tended to be increased, whereas lactose and protein were significantly decreased. Pups from protein-restricted dams grew less and had lower lung volumes, effects being more serious at d 49. However, specific lung volumes (in milliliters per 100 g body weight) were constantly increased. This means that lung was either less affected than body mass or overdistended due to less connective tissue. After refeeding, both groups showed a remarkable catch-up in growth with restoration of the normal allometric relationship between lung volume and body weight. Thus, even after an early onset of protein restriction to total body, the lung is still capable to substantially recover from growth retardation. (Pediatr Res 37: 783-788, 1995) Abbreviations ER, early restriction in protein DR, delayed restriction in protein From experimental studies in animals, it is well documented that food deficiencies result in growth retardation along with functional alterations of the lung. Two recent publications have substantially reviewed the literature on the topic (1, 2). The majority of studies have concerned the rat because in this species the different processes of growth and development of the lung are well characterized (3-6). In this respect, critical transformations of the lung parenchyma in the postnatal period corresponding to the developmental steps of alveolization and microvascular maturation occur before the age of 3 wk. In normal conditions, the volume of the lung is largely determined by the dimension of the thoracic cage, which in turn depends allometrically on the body mass of the rat (7). Similarly, the quantitative parameters of the various components of the parenchyma are known to be related to lung volume (4). All of these lung parameters also vary with both the metabolic needs and the 0, demands of the organism (8) and the 0, in the ambient air (9).The effects on the rat lung of malnutrition beginning during the neonatal period (i.e. the period of suckling) are not well

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“…Of interest is the correlation between connective tissue accumulation, especially collagen and elastin, and changes in mechanical behavior of the lung (4). Absolute collagen content and collagen concentration increase in a linear fashion from postnatal d 4 into adulthood in proportion to lung size.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Protein Deprivation from the Neonatal Period on Lung Collagen and Elastin in the Rat

Kalenga

Eeckhout

1989

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. We have previously reported mechanical lung alterations in rats fed a protein-deficient diet from neonatal period to postnatal day 49 (12 and 8% protein versus a control 15% protein diet). From saline vol-pressure analysis, lungs from protein-deficient rats showed lower recoil pressure and needed higher pressure to rupture. In our study we have measured the collagen and elastin contents of homogenates of the lungs previously used for airfilling experiments. Results show that protein-deficient rats had lesser amounts of collagen and elastin per lung. Nevertheless tissue concentration of collagen remained constant, whereas elastin concentration was severely decreased. The decrease in lung recoil pressure is thought to be related to the lowered elastin concentration. Thus elastin accumulation, which mainly occurs between postnatal d 12 and 20, is predominantly affected by early protein deficiency with a consequent lack of increase in lung elasticity. The increased rupture pressure in protein-deficient rat lungs occurs despite the maintenance of the tissue concentration of collagen and suggests a role for other factors in this process. (Pediatr Res 26:125-127, 1989) Morphologic, biochemical, and mechanical properties of the growing rat lung are well documented (1-5). Of interest is the correlation between connective tissue accumulation, especially collagen and elastin, and changes in mechanical behavior of the lung (4). Absolute collagen content and collagen concentration increase in a linear fashion from postnatal d 4 into adulthood in proportion to lung size. The at which the saline inflated lung ruptures increases in parallel. The lung elastin concentration rises slowly from d 4 to 12, increases 3-fold between d 12 and 20, then falls to a constant level in the adult. These major changes in elastin concentration between d 12 and 20 are associated with an increase in lung elasticity measured as recoil pressure.We have previously demonstrated differences in the pattern of deflation vol pressure curves of saline filled lungs of rats fed on a protein-restricted diet either from the neonatal period or after weaning. Lungs of rats fed on a diet restricted in protein from the neonatal period had decreased recoil pressure (6), whereas protein restriction from d 28 resulted in a moderately increased recoil pressure (7). Inasmuch as we know from the observations of Myers et al. (8) rats produces an increase in lung elastin concentration, our second experiment could lend support to their conclusions. We had also observed an increase in the pressure at which the lung of protein-deficient rats ruptured. This increase could also have resulted from alterations in collagen or (and) elastin content of the lung. The major mechanical properties of lungs from rats restricted in protein from neonatal period are summarized in Table 1.The purpose of our study was to determine the amounts of collagen and elastin in lungs of rats restricted in protein from the postnatal d 8 until d 49 in our first experiment. The assays were...

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Postnatal development of rat lung. Changes in lung lectin, elastin, acetylcholinesterase and other enzymes

Cited by 88 publications

References 28 publications

Elastin metabolism and chemistry: potential roles in lung development and structure.

Elastin metabolism and chemistry: potential roles in lung development and structure.

Protein Deficiency and the Growing Rat Lung. I. Nutritional Findings and Related Lung Volumes

Effects of Protein Deprivation from the Neonatal Period on Lung Collagen and Elastin in the Rat

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