Postinfectious inflammatory disorders

Marchioni, Enrico; Ravaglia, Sabrina; Piccolo, G.; Furione, Milena; Zardini, Elisabetta; Franciotta, Diego; Alfonsi, Enrico; Minoli, Lorenzo; Romani, Alfredo; Todeschini, Alice; Uggetti, Carla; Tavazzi, Eleonora; Ceroni, Mauro

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000179302.93960.ad

Cited by 117 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Screening for autoimmune disorders and infections has been described, 7 and, briefly, it included serum search for antinuclear, anti-double-stranded DNA, anti-SSA/SSB, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic, anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant antibodies; serum/CSF levels of angiotensinconverting enzyme; CSF culture; serum/CSF antibody titers of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), human immunodeficiency virus-1/-2, HCV, Borrelia burgdorferi, Mycoplasma pneumoniae; serum/CSF search by PCR for herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1/-2, enterovirus, EBV, cytomegalovirus, Varicella zoster virus, HHV-6, HHV-7, HHV-8, influenza A and B, HCV. Patients with serum hypereosinophilia were also excluded.…”

Section: Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neurophysiological assessment (VEPs, median/tibial somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), BAEPs, nerve conduction studies) is described in a previous report, 7 together with criteria for polyradiculoneuritis. 12 Visual evoked potentials, SSEPs, brain and spinal cord MRI were repeated every 6 months during the 3-year follow-up, and promptly in relapses.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through a prospective, prolonged follow-up study, we previously evaluated the disease course of patients with post-infectious encephalomyelitis and myelitis, and could observe that 25% of patients had a relapsing course; 7 relapses were confined to spinal cord involvement. We then observed the occurrence of relapsing TM among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, 8 and proposed that screening for HCV should be performed in each case of TM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then observed the occurrence of relapsing TM among patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, 8 and proposed that screening for HCV should be performed in each case of TM. In this study, we evaluate a series of I-TM, to assess the frequency of relapses; we then compare I-TM with a series of post-infectious TM (P-TM), monitored by our group as part of a previous study, 7 to investigate differences between these forms. Last, we compare monophasic and relapsing myelitis, either idiopathic or postinfectious, to search for clinical, CSF or MRI predictors of a relapsing course.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NMO-IgG-negative relapsing myelitis

et al. 2008

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Objective: Idiopathic transverse myelitis (I-TM) is typically monophasic, while relapsing forms are usually referred to spinal cord-restricted neuromyelitis optica (NMO), atypical multiple sclerosis (MS), or myelitis during the course of infections and connectivitis. Our objective was to evaluate the frequency of recurrent I-TM; to clarify the nosology of these forms through comparison with NMO and postinfectious TM (P-TM). Design: Prospective cohort study on patients presenting with I-TM was carried out inpatients of Infectious and Neurologic Disease Clinics, Italy. Methods: Over an 8-year period, we recruited 13 patients with I-TM and 16 with P-TM. The patients were followed-up for at least 3 years with repeated brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, multimodal evoked potentials and serum screen for connectivitis. Relapses were defined on clinical and imaging criteria. Results: Four patients with I-TM (31%) had a relapsing course . They were all males with age 450, and severe at-onset disability. The final outcome was poor in three out of four patients. Serum NMOimmunoglobulin G was undetectable in all patients. Longitudinally extensive myelitis was not predictive of relapses. I-TM and P-TM shared clinical, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and MRI features, as well as a similar rate (54 vs 38%) of peripheral nervous system involvement (polyradiculoneuritis), and an identical rate of relapses (31% for both forms). Conclusions: Our series support the existence of relapsing I-TM as a disease entity that does not appear related to NMO, nor to MS, cannot be further specified and shares many features with P-TM. The likelihood of relapses was unpredictable based on clinical, CSF and MRI findings.

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Section: Exclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NMO-IgG-negative relapsing myelitis

et al. 2008

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“…Brain a) Meningitis and encephalitis 5,8,[12][13][14][15][16] : Tenenbaum et al 16 in study of 84 children with an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) showed that 74% had a previous history of viral infection or vaccination. Classically ADEM is monophasic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%