Post-vehicle-application lithium-ion battery remanufacturing, repurposing and recycling capacity: Modeling and analysis

Abstract

Abstract:Purpose: A mathematical model is used to help determine the manufacturing capacity needed to support post-vehicle-application remanufacturing, repurposing, and recycling of lithium-ion batteries over time. Simulation is used in solving the model to estimate capacity in kWh.Lithium-ion batteries that are commonly used in the electrification of vehicles cannot be simply discarded post-vehicle-application due to the materials of which they are composed. Eventually, each will fail to hold a charge and will need to be recycled. Remanufacturing, allowing a battery to return to a vehicle application, and repurposing, transforming a battery for use in a nonvehicle application, postpone recycling and increase value.The mathematical model and its solution using simulation test the hypothesis that the capacity needed for remanufacturing, repurposing, and recycling as well as new battery production is a function of a single parameter: the percent of post-vehicle-application batteries that are

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