Post-truth propaganda: heuristic processing of political fake news on Facebook during the 2016 U.S. presidential election

Ali, Khudejah; Zain-ul-abdin, Khawaja

doi:10.1080/00909882.2020.1847311

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The spread of misinformation can be attributed to the lack of “third‐party filtering, fact‐checking, or editorial judgement” on the internet (Ali & Zain‐ul‐abdin, 2021 ; Allcott & Gentzkow, 2017 ; Ennals et al, 2010 ), including on social media. People believe in and share misinformation for individual and social reasons (Nahon & Hemsley, 2013 ; Sharma et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Familiarity heuristics indicate that individuals are more likely to make familiar decisions based on previous experiences (Tversky & Kahneman, 1974 ). For example, social media users are more likely to endorse information from repeated exposure to certain information (Ali & Zain‐ul‐abdin, 2021 ; Garcia‐Marques & Mackie, 2001 ). In fact, even a single prior encounter can increase the believability of information (Pennycook et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge

Wang

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2021

Asso for Info Science & Tech

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The spread of misinformation on social media has become a major societal issue during recent years. In this work, we used the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic as a case study to systematically investigate factors associated with the spread of multi‐topic misinformation related to one event on social media based on the heuristic‐systematic model. Among factors related to systematic processing of information, we discovered that the topics of a misinformation story matter, with conspiracy theories being the most likely to be retweeted. As for factors related to heuristic processing of information, such as when citizens look up to their leaders during such a crisis, our results demonstrated that behaviors of a political leader, former US President Donald J. Trump, may have nudged people's sharing of COVID‐19 misinformation. Outcomes of this study help social media platform and users better understand and prevent the spread of misinformation on social media.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge

Wang

Zhang

Fan

et al. 2021

Asso for Info Science & Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The emergence of FNI necessitates revising the political communication theory about the coherence and functionality of communication flow between institutional actors, the media and the public (Bennett and Livingston, 2018). Al-Rawi (2019a) argued that Twitter offered Trump a networked flak, based on the propaganda model , which focusses on the inequality of wealth and power and its multilevel effects on news media (Ali and Zain-ul-abdin, 2021). The hegemony theory explains the means by which the dominant class maintains its superiority over the subordinate classes, thus emphasising the significant effects of Trump's news (Okoro and Emmanuel, 2018).…”

Section: Conceptual Framework For Fni Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fake news on the internet: a literature review, synthesis and directions for future research

Ngai

et al. 2022

INTR

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PurposeThe extensive distribution of fake news on the internet (FNI) has significantly affected many lives. Although numerous studies have recently been conducted on this topic, few have helped us to systematically understand the antecedents and consequences of FNI. This study contributes to the understanding of FNI and guides future research.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on the input–process–output framework, this study reviews 202 relevant articles to examine the extent to which the antecedents and consequences of FNI have been investigated. It proposes a conceptual framework and poses future research questions.FindingsFirst, it examines the “what”, “why”, “who”, “when”, “where” and “how” of creating FNI. Second, it analyses the spread features of FNI and the factors that affect the spread of FNI. Third, it investigates the consequences of FNI in the political, social, scientific, health, business, media and journalism fields.Originality/valueThe extant reviews on FNI mainly focus on the interventions or detection of FNI, and a few analyse the antecedents and consequences of FNI in specific fields. This study helps readers to synthetically understand the antecedents and consequences of FNI in all fields. This study is among the first to summarise the conceptual framework for FNI research, including the basic relevant theoretical foundations, research methodologies and public datasets.

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“…In 1939, faculty at the Los Angeles City College recognized "the need for instruction that will train citizens to recognize propaganda and to analyze it"; they convened experts on the topic and published materials, including the "Devices of Propaganda", an outline of the "tricks of the trade" employed propagandists [24,115]. The seven primary devices have not aged; rather, they line up well with contemporary judgment and choice research (including Kahneman's heuristics information processing [116,117]) and remain central to the contemporary misinformation mess: i.…”

Section: Finding Solutions-education Empowermentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Healing Anthropocene Syndrome: Planetary Health Requires Remediation of the Toxic Post-Truth Environment

Logan¹,

Berman

et al. 2021

Challenges

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The term “Anthropocene Syndrome” describes the wicked interrelated challenges of our time. These include, but are not limited to, unacceptable poverty (of both income and opportunity), grotesque biodiversity losses, climate change, environmental degradation, resource depletion, the global burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), health inequalities, social injustices, the spread of ultra-processed foods, consumerism and incivility in tandem with a diminished emphasis on the greater potential of humankind, efforts toward unity, or the value of fulfilment and flourishing of all humankind. Planetary health is a concept that recognizes the interdependent vitality of all natural and anthropogenic ecosystems—social, political and otherwise; it blurs the artificial lines between health at scales of person, place and planet. Promoting planetary health requires addressing the underlying pathology of “Anthropocene Syndrome” and the deeper value systems and power dynamics that promote its various signs and symptoms. Here, we focus on misinformation as a toxin that maintains the syndromic status quo—rapid dissemination of falsehoods and dark conspiracies on social media, fake news, alternative facts and medical misinformation described by the World Health Organization as an “infodemic”. In the context of planetary health, we explore the historical antecedents of this “infodemic” and underscore an urgent need to remediate the misinformation mess. It is our contention that education (especially in early life) emphasizing mindfulness and understanding of the mechanisms by which propaganda is spread (and unhealthy products are marketed) is essential. We expand the discourse on positive social contagion and argue that empowerment through education can help lead to an information transformation with the aim of flourishing along every link in the person, place and planet continuum.

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Post-truth propaganda: heuristic processing of political fake news on Facebook during the 2016 U.S. presidential election

Cited by 22 publications

References 35 publications

Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge

Understanding the spread ofCOVID‐19 misinformation on social media: The effects of topics and a political leader's nudge

Fake news on the internet: a literature review, synthesis and directions for future research

Healing Anthropocene Syndrome: Planetary Health Requires Remediation of the Toxic Post-Truth Environment

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