Post-traumatic arteriovenous malformation of the superficial temporal artery

Abstract

An arteriovenous malformation is a rare vascular anomaly composed of a complex network of interconnected arteries and veins of the scalp. It is usually congenital, but infrequently occurs after trauma. Over the years, several terms have been used to describe these lesions, such as cirsoid/rasemose/arteriovenous aneurysm, plexiform angioma and aneurysma serpentinum, or arteriovenous fistula when a single connection exists. Head and neck malformations occur in 0.1% of the population. Involvement of the superficial temporal artery is rare, occurring in about 0.5% to 2.0% of cases. They are diagnosed by angiography and can be managed by endovascular or open resection. The case of a 23-year-old man who presented with a pulsatile head mass after blunt trauma 5 years prior is presented. This entity was diagnosed as an arteriovenous malformation supplied by the superficial temporal arteries. He subsequently underwent successful open exploration and resection. The information is presented with the patient's consent.

Surgical management of scalp cirsoid aneurysms: Kuwait experience. (case series)

“…However, the disruption theory suggests that the vasa vasorum during trauma ruptures and activates a cellular reaction within endothelial cells and thus creating vascular connections between arteries and veins. The iatrogenic cases were thought to arise at sites of previous interventions such as hair transplantations and craniotomies [ 1 , [4] , [5] , [6] ]. Among the six patients included in our study, none have reported a history of trauma and most likely their presentation is explained by one of the congenital hypotheses.…”

“…The most common symptoms were progressive swellings, headache, local pain, audible bruits, tinnitus, and cosmetic concerns [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [5] , [6] , [7] ]. All patients included in our study reported swelling and only one patient out of six had associated headache and dizziness.…”

“…The most common symptoms were progressive swellings, headache, local pain, audible bruits, tinnitus, and cosmetic concerns [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [5] , [6] , [7] ].…”

Temporal Artery Vascular Diseases

“…Up to 20% of arteriovenous malformations involving the scalp are associated with a history of trauma [ 93 ]. Arteriovenous malformations of the head and neck occur in 0.1% of the population and TA is involved in 75% of scalp arteriovenous malformations [ 94 ]. Clinically, the patient may present with headache, local pain, paresthesias, tinnitus, ischemic necrosis, or nidus ulceration and hemorrhage associated with thrill on palpation [ 94 ].…”

Surgical management of extracranial arteriovenous malformations.

“…Las malformaciones arteriovenosas extracraneales de cabeza y cuello son raras y difíciles de manejar. Varias opciones de tratamiento se han descrito para tratar estas lesiones [1]. A continuación, presentamos una serie de dos casos de malformaciones arteriovenosas extracreaneales que se trataron exitosamente con resección quirúrgica.…”