Post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma originates from the seeding of donor-derived progenitors

Barozzi, Patrizia; Luppi, Mario; Facchetti, Fabio; Mecucci, Cristina; Alù, Milena; Sarid, Ronit; Rasini, Valeria; Ravazzini, Luisa; Rossi, Elisa; Festa, Silvana; Crescenzi, Barbara; Wolf, Dana; Schulz, Thomas F.; Torelli, Giuseppe

doi:10.1038/nm862

Cited by 195 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, Kaposi's sarcoma progenitor cells are possibly hematopoietic cells. Therefore, although the trafficking of donor hematopoietic cells in skin lesions of grafted patients is a frequent phenomenon-as illustrated in the Kaposi's sarcoma study (30) and in this study (in most of our samples, male cells were not epithelial)-the presence of donor-derived epithelial tumoral cells remains a rare event.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

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Skin Carcinoma Arising From Donor Cells in a Kidney Transplant Recipient

et al. 2005

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The incidence of skin cancer is increased in transplant recipients. UV radiation, papillomaviruses, and immunosuppression participate in the pathogenesis of these tumors. In addition, donor cells may leave the grafted organ, reach peripheral tissues and either induce immune phenomena or possibly take part in tissue remodeling. Herein, we investigated the possible involvement of donor cells in the development of skin tumors in kidney allograft recipients. We analyzed a series of 48 malignant and benign cutaneous tumors developing in 14 females who had been grafted with a male kidney. The number of male cells was measured on microdissected material by quantitative PCR for Y chromosome. In the samples with high levels of male cells, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with X and Y probes and/or immuno-FISH with anticytokeratin antibodies were carried out. Male cells were detected in 5/15 squamous cell carcinomas and Bowen disease (range 4-180 copies), 3/5 basal cell carcinomas (91-645), 6/11 actinic keratosis (7-102), 2/4 keratoacanthoma (22-41), and 2/5 benign cutaneous lesions (14-55). In a basal cell carcinoma specimen with a high number of male cells, FISH showed that most cells within the tumoral buds were XY. In this lesion, immuno-FISH showed the presence of XY cytokeratin-positive cells indicating that the tumor nests contained male keratinocytes. In contrast, in other female transplants, male cells present in the tumors were not epithelial. In conclusion, stem cells originating from a grafted kidney may migrate to the skin, differentiate, or fuse as keratinocytes that could, rarely, undergo cancer transformation. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(5): 1755-60)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…A recent study interestingly showed that Kaposi's sarcoma cells in renal transplant recipients harbored in five out of eight samples, markers of the donor demonstrating that such neoplastic cells may frequently derive from donors (30). However, Kaposi's sarcoma progenitor cells are possibly hematopoietic cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Carcinoma Arising From Donor Cells in a Kidney Transplant Recipient

et al. 2005

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“…Of all of the tumors in solid-organ transplantation, KS occurs at the shortest interval after transplant. KS progenitor cells may be transmitted from donor to recipient at the time of transplant; five of eight renal transplantation patients had posttransplant KS with genetic or antigenic markers of their matched donors (127). In addition, HHV-8 may be associated with some cases of EBV-negative PTLD (128 -131).…”

Section: Hhv-8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Infection in the Renal Transplant Recipient

Kotton

Fishman²

2005

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

197

181

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Viruses are among the most common causes of opportunistic infection after transplantation and the most important. The risk for viral infection is a function of the specific virus encountered, the intensity of immune suppression used to prevent graft rejection, and other host factors governing susceptibility. Viral infection, both symptomatic and asymptomatic, causes the "direct effects" of invasive disease and "indirect effects," including immune suppression predisposing to other opportunistic infections and oncogenesis. Rapid and sensitive microbiologic assays for many of the common viruses after transplantation have replaced, for the most part, serologic testing and in vitro cultures for the diagnosis of infection. Furthermore, quantitative molecular tests allow the individualization of antiviral therapies for prevention and treatment of infection. This advance is most prominent in the management of cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C viruses. Diagnostic advances have not been accompanied by the development of specific and nontoxic anti-viral agents or effective antiviral vaccines. Vaccines, where available, should be given to patients as early as possible and well in advance of transplantation to optimize the immune response. Studies of viral latency, reactivation, and the cellular effects of viral infection will provide clues for future strategies in prevention and treatment of viral infections.

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“…This supports the existence of mesenchymal lymphendothelial precursor cells in mice. We assume that such cells are also present in the human, where they can undergo malignant transformation and may represent the cell of origin in post-transplantation Kaposi sarcoma (Barozzi et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal cells with leukocyte and lymphendothelial characteristics in murine embryos

et al. 2006

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The development of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from deep embryonic veins or mesenchymal lymphangioblasts is controversially discussed. Studies employing quail-chick grafting experiments have shown that various mesodermal compartments of the embryo possess lymphangiogenic potential, whereas studies on murine embryos have been in favor of a venous origin of LECs. We have investigated NMRI mice from embryonic day (ED) 9.5 to 13.5 with antibodies against the leukocyte marker CD45, the pan-endothelial marker CD31, and the lymphendothelial markers Prox1 and Lyve-1. Early signs of the development of lymphatics are the Lyve-1-and Prox1-positive segments of the jugular and vitelline veins. Then, lymph sacs, which are found in the jugular region of ED 11.5 mice, express Prox1, Lyve-1, and CD31.

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Post-transplant Kaposi sarcoma originates from the seeding of donor-derived progenitors

Cited by 195 publications

References 22 publications

Skin Carcinoma Arising From Donor Cells in a Kidney Transplant Recipient

Skin Carcinoma Arising From Donor Cells in a Kidney Transplant Recipient

Viral Infection in the Renal Transplant Recipient

Mesenchymal cells with leukocyte and lymphendothelial characteristics in murine embryos

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