Post stress diarrhoea in the horse

Owen, R

doi:10.1136/vr.96.12.267

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…A major concern with using tetracyclines in horses is the development of diarrhoea and colitis. This is a well documented event (COOK, 1973;OWEN, 1975) especially if the horse has been stressed prior to giving the drug (BAKER and LEYLAND, 1973). High mortality rates are generally noted (BLOOD and RADOSTITS, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Biopsy in the Horse: 1. Method Using the Wing of Ilium

Jeffcott

Melsen

et al. 1991

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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Summary Two hundred and five bone biopsies from the wing of ilium were taken from 52 growing and 70 older horses. The method was initially evaluated in 4 horses at post mortem and then performed in 26 horses under general anaesthesia. The technique was later developed for biopsying horses in the standing position under local anaesthesia (n = 70 adults; n = 22 foals). The core of the bone biopsy consisted of a central cancellous portion between two cortices. This type of sample allowed a complete histomorphometrical analysis. An integral part of the procedure was intravital bone labelling using fluorochromes with a known interval between labels. Potential hazards associated with the use of Oxytetracycline labels included the onset of diarrhoea and laminitis in some foals. The method was simple, safe and efficient for both anaesthetised and standing horses. The only difficulties encountered were minor and were associated with blunting of the drill bit, scoring of the internal surface of the drill bit guide and occasional loss of the distal part of the biopsy core. Post operative complications included haematoma formation and skin infections. It was concluded that this technique offered a quick and effective method of collecting bone biopsies in horses, which facilitated the quantitative assessment of skeletal changes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone Biopsy in the Horse: 1. Method Using the Wing of Ilium

Jeffcott

Melsen

et al. 1991

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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“…Salmonella species are more frequently associated with equine than human AAD (Owen 1975;Hird et al 1984Hird et al , 1986Weese 2000;Weese et al 2002). Antimicrobial therapy was a risk factor for faecal shedding of Salmonella and for development of clinical salmonellosis in some studies (Owen et al 1983;Hird et al 1986;House et al 1999;Ernst et al 2004), but not in another study (Traub-Dargatz et al 1990).…”

Section: Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 98%

Antimicrobial associated diarrhoea in the horse. Part 1: Overview, pathogenesis and risk factors

McGorum

Pirie

2009

Equine Veterinary Education

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Summary Antimicrobial associated diarrhoea (AAD) is the most commonly recognised adverse effect of antimicrobial treatment in horses, although its incidence is probably low given the frequency of antimicrobial administration. Clinical signs vary from transient self‐limiting diarrhoea to rapidly fatal toxic enterocolitis. AAD prolongs the duration of hospitalisation, increases diagnostic and therapeutic costs, and was associated with a lower case survival rate than other types of acute diarrhoea in one study. Virtually all antimicrobials have been implicated in AAD, but some pose a greater risk than others.

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“…Most classes of antibiotics have been implicated in human antimicrobial-associated diarrhoea, but there is a greater association with cephalosporins, penicillins and clindamycin (Fekety 1990;McFarland et al 1990;Bartlett 1992;Hogenauer et al 1998;Spencer 1998). A variety of antimicrobials have been implicated in equine antimicrobial associated colitis, including erythromycin (Whitlock 1984), lincomycin (Raisbeck et al 1981;Staempfli et al 1992), penicillin G (Cohen and Woods 1999), tetracyclines (Baker and Leyland 1973;Owen 1975;Moore-Keir et al 1999) and trimethoprim-sulphonamide combinations (Ensink 1996;Cohen and Woods 1999). Cases of colitis have also been associated with the administration of cloxacillin, florfenicol, ampicillin/sulbactam, chloramphenicol and metronidazole.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%