Post-prandial endothelial dysfunction is ameliorated following weight loss in obese premenopausal women

Hašpicová, Marcela; Milek, David; Šiklová, Michaela; Wedellova, Zuzana; Hejnova, J.; Bajzova, Magda; Štich, Vladimír; Polàk, Jan

doi:10.12659/msm.882048

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In other words, fasting glucose concentrations normalised with weight loss after the obese phase, while glucose AUC failed to completely normalise. Both obesity and hyperglycaemia are risk factors for the development of endothelial dysfunction ( 6 , 34 ) , and weight loss may improve postprandial endothelial dysfunction ( 35 , 36 ) . Hyperglycaemia may induce endothelial dysfunction by initiating pro-inflammatory events such as increases in NF-κB and TNF-α concentrations followed by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of endothelium-dependent NO synthase ( 5 , 8 , 37 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term obesity results in detrimental metabolic and cardiovascular changes that may not be reversed with weight loss in an obese dog model

et al. 2014

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The time course of metabolic and cardiovascular changes with weight gain and subsequent weight loss has not been elucidated. The goal of the present study was to determine how weight gain, weight loss and altered body fat distribution affected metabolic and cardiovascular changes in an obese dog model. Testing was performed when the dogs were lean (scores 4 -5 on a nine-point scale), after ad libitum feeding for 12 and 32 weeks to promote obesity (.5 score), and after weight loss. Measurements included serum glucose and insulin, plasma leptin, adiponectin and C-reactive protein, echocardiography, flow-mediated dilation and blood pressure. Body fat distribution was assessed by computed tomography. Fasting serum glucose concentrations increased significantly with obesity (P,0·05). Heart rate increased by 22 (SE 5) bpm after 12 weeks of obesity (P¼0·003). Systolic left ventricular free wall thickness increased after 12 weeks of obesity (P¼ 0·002), but decreased after weight loss compared with that observed in the lean phase (P¼ 0·03). Ventricular free wall thickness was more strongly correlated with visceral fat (r 0·6, P¼0·001) than with total body fat (r 0·4, P¼ 0·03) and was not significantly correlated with subcutaneous body fat (r 0·3, P¼ 0·1). The present study provides evidence that metabolic and cardiovascular alterations occur within only 12 weeks of obesity in an obese dog model and are strongly predicted by visceral fat. These results emphasise the importance of obesity prevention, as weight loss did not result in the return of all metabolic indicators to their normal levels. Moreover, systolic cardiac muscle thickness was reduced after weight loss compared with the pre-obesity levels, suggesting possible acute adverse cardiovascular effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term obesity results in detrimental metabolic and cardiovascular changes that may not be reversed with weight loss in an obese dog model

et al. 2014

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“…Undoubtedly, weight reduction, even in less than 5% [20] , may result in clinically important health improvements, with fewer propensities for Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and endothelial dysfunction [21] , [22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Favorable Changes in Lipid Profile: The Effects of Fasting after Ramadan

et al. 2012

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AimsWe assessed the effect of fasting during Ramadan on blood pressure (BP), body weight, plasma lipid, and lipoprotein variables among healthy normal individuals.Methods102 (68% male) multi-ethnic volunteers; mean age ± SD (38.7±10.5 years) were randomly recruited in Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates (UAE), to be investigated before Ramadan, one day after the end of Ramadan, and four weeks after Ramadan. Anthropometric, demographic, fasting plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and high density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured by standard methods, and Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was calculated using Friedewald’s formula.Results65 subjects completed the study. We found significant and beneficial changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP), body weight, waist circumference (WC), TG, HDL-C and LDL-C, at the end of Ramadan, but not in TC. Further, there was a progressive and significant increase and decrease in HDL-C and LDL-C levels, respectively, four weeks after Ramadan.ConclusionsWe observed significant improvements in HDL-C, and LDL-C levels even after four weeks post Ramadan. Ramadan-like fasting may be considered for more effective lipid and lipoprotein control.

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“…Water volume plethysmography was replaced by the use of a Silastic tube that encircled the limb and was filled with mercury. 5,[10][11][12] Because the limb increases volume when the veins are occluded, this would, in turn, stretch the Silastic tubing and change the electrical resistance in the mercury. This technique has been used continuously since the 1950s as a gold standard for measuring limb blood flow.…”

Section: Venous Occlusion Plethysmographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure11. Illustrated here is the blood flow response to 4 min of occlusion in 10 Koreans after a high-fat meal before and after two weeks of vitamin administration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting Blood Flow in the Skin: Does it Exist, and What is the Influence of Temperature, Aging, and Diabetes?

Petrofsky

2012

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Measurement of resting blood flow to the skin and other organs is an important indicator of health and disease and a way to assess the reaction to various stimuli and pharmaceutical interventions. However, unlike plasma ions such as sodium or potassium, it is difficult to determine what the proper value for resting blood flow really is. Part of the problem is in the measurement of blood flow; various techniques yield very different measures of skin blood flow even in the same area. Even if there were common techniques, resting blood flow to tissue, such as the skin, is determined by the interaction of a plurality of factors, including the sympathetic nervous system, temperature, pressure, shear forces on blood vessels, tissue osmolality, and a variety of other stimuli. Compounding this variability, the blood flow response to any stressor is reduced by free radicals in the blood and diminished by aging and diabetes. Race also has an effect on resting blood flow to the skin. All these factors interact to make the exact resting blood flow difficult to determine in any one individual and at any one time. This review examines the main techniques to assess blood flow, the factors that alter blood flow in the skin, and how aging and diabetes affect blood flow. Recommendations for the measurement of resting blood flow are presented.

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Post-prandial endothelial dysfunction is ameliorated following weight loss in obese premenopausal women

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Short-term obesity results in detrimental metabolic and cardiovascular changes that may not be reversed with weight loss in an obese dog model

Short-term obesity results in detrimental metabolic and cardiovascular changes that may not be reversed with weight loss in an obese dog model

Favorable Changes in Lipid Profile: The Effects of Fasting after Ramadan

Resting Blood Flow in the Skin: Does it Exist, and What is the Influence of Temperature, Aging, and Diabetes?

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