Post-migration Growth Scale for Chinese International Students: Development and Validation

Pan, Jia-Yan; Wong, Daniel Fu Keung; Ye, Shengquan

doi:10.1007/s10902-012-9401-z

Cited by 22 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Self-reporting methodologies were also cited as limitations in some studies (e.g., Fisher et al 2014;Pan et al 2013). Mahudin et al (2012) clarified that the selfreporting nature of quantitative studies raises the possibility of participant bias, social desirability, demand characteristics, and response sets.…”

Section: Ten Main Limitations Reported In the Scale Development Procementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Caro and Garcia (2007) noted that the relationships of the scale with other constructs were not analyzed. Saxena et al (2015) and Pan et al (2013) described the lack of demonstrable temporal stability (e.g., test-retest reliability). Imprecise or incomplete psychometric procedures that are employed during scale development are likely to obscure the outcome.…”

Section: Ten Main Limitations Reported In the Scale Development Procementioning

confidence: 99%

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Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices

Morgado

Meireles

Neves

et al. 2017

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

403

387

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The scale development process is critical to building knowledge in human and social sciences. The present paper aimed (a) to provide a systematic review of the published literature regarding current practices of the scale development process, (b) to assess the main limitations reported by the authors in these processes, and (c) to provide a set of recommendations for best practices in future scale development research. Papers were selected in September 2015, with the search terms "scale development" and "limitations" from three databases: Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, with no time restriction. We evaluated 105 studies published between 1976 and 2015. The analysis considered the three basic steps in scale development: item generation, theoretical analysis, and psychometric analysis. The study identified ten main types of limitation in these practices reported in the literature: sample characteristic limitations, methodological limitations, psychometric limitations, qualitative research limitations, missing data, social desirability bias, item limitations, brevity of the scale, difficulty controlling all variables, and lack of manual instructions. Considering these results, various studies analyzed in this review clearly identified methodological weaknesses in the scale development process (e.g., smaller sample sizes in psychometric analysis), but only a few researchers recognized and recorded these limitations. We hope that a systematic knowledge of the difficulties usually reported in scale development will help future researchers to recognize their own limitations and especially to make the most appropriate choices among different conceptions and methodological strategies.

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Section: Ten Main Limitations Reported In the Scale Development Procementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ten Main Limitations Reported In the Scale Development Procementioning

confidence: 99%

Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices

Morgado

Meireles

Neves

et al. 2017

Psicol. Refl. Crít.

403

387

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the process of cultural adjustment never stops for either group, because it is a constant reality that they live in the US, a foreign country whose culture is vastly different from their own. However, some students reported viewing cultural shock as a positive experience; it is then interesting to consider how they view their own identity in a foreign country while being treated as a foreigner, which has a negative meaning in the English language (Lillyman and Bennet, 2014;Pan et al, 2013). Kashima and Loh (2006) looked at Asian international students" acculturation to Australia and found that personal ties with international, co-national, and local Australian students significantly influenced acculturation.…”

Section: Cultural Shockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Pan et al (2013), establishing a social network in the host country can contribute to international students" adjustment to the new environment. For example, exposure to a new culture offers an opportunity to enhance intercultural communication skills and intercultural competence.…”

Section: Social Contact Supports Language Proficiency and Adjustmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges facing Chinese International students studying in the United States

Ching¹,

Renes²,

McMurrow³

et al. 2017

Educ. Res. Rev.

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Chinese international students often find it challenging to adjust to attending college in the United States (US). There is limited research addressing Chinese international college students' adjustment in the US. Drawing on what literature exists combined with research addressing Chinese immigrants' transition and international students' transition, this article examines strategies to help Chinese international students successfully make this adjustment. Educating the Chinese international students, educators and counselors about the challenges as well as offering strategies to overcome these challenges may help students succeed in a new educational system and a new culture.

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“…Instead, this scale assesses individuals' perceptions of digital citizenship, in other words, how much they see themselves on the measure of perceptions related to digital citizenship. One of the limitations on the scales is self-reporting methodologies, which are acknowledged as limitations of scales (e.g., Fisher, Maritz, & Lobo, 2014;Pan, Wong, & Ye, 2013). The self-reporting nature of quantitative studies raises the possibility of participant bias, social desirability, demand characteristics, and response sets researchers do not control (Margado, Meireless, Neves, Amaral, & Ferreira, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Turkish Pre-service Teachers’ Perceptions of Digital Citizenship in Education Programs

Ata

Yıldırım

2019

JITE:Research

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Aim/Purpose: The principal aim of this study was to reveal digital citizenship levels of pre-service teachers enrolled in 1st and 2nd year in the education faculty at the Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University in Muğla, Turkey. Pre-service teachers’ perceptions of digital citizenship and their patterns of knowledge of digital citizenship were explored. Background: This study examines the concepts of digital citizenship, including digital communication, digital rights / responsibilities, critical thinking, digital participation, digital security, digital skills, digital ethics, and digital commerce, of pre-service teachers and their interaction with instructional technology. This research study will inform policies and strategies to enhance teacher trainings and education in Turkey. Methodology: A mixed methodology of data sources including a survey and open-ended questions were collected to explore pre-service teachers’ perceptions of digital citizenship. The Digital Citizenship Scale was used as the quantitative data collection instrument. Various statistical techniques and tests such as ANOVA, t-Test, and Tukey HSD were used in the analysis of the data. Contribution: This study contributes to existing literature knowledge by demonstrating the patterns of digital citizenship that influence Turkish pre-service teachers’ professional development and deepening the discussion of change in policies and strategies in education programs in Turkey. Findings: Results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference of digital citizenship scores of male and female pre-service teachers with male participants scoring higher than female participants. However, participants’ mean scores did not significantly differentiate by their departments. Similarly, it was observed that participants’ mean scores did not significantly differentiate by the high school types. As far as parent educational background was concerned, the mean scores of the participants did not indicate a significant difference by the education level of the mother, but the scores differed significantly by the father’s education level. Similar responses emerged in the open-ended questions. Participants expressed that they felt competent in digital communication and digital participation and their parents are partly influential in the improvement of these skills. In addition, the majority of the participants stated that the major they enrolled did not have any contribution to their digital skills so far. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for practitioners to include in their teacher education programs training pre-service teachers to become digital citizens. Recommendation for Researchers: Recommendations for researchers to include identifying practical activities that enhance pre-service teachers’ digital citizenship skills. Impact on Society: The findings and results of this study will help display a universal digital citizenship model for pre-service and veteran teachers in Turkey as well as to strengthen their interaction with instructional and information technologies through policy and strategy changes in educational settings. Future Research: Further studies should be undertaken, especially in developing countries. Future research can further explore pre-service teachers’ perceptions of digital citizenship such as digital rights, responsibilities, and ethics as well as evaluating the opinions of school administrators, students, and parents regarding their perceptions of digital citizenship in educational settings.

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Post-migration Growth Scale for Chinese International Students: Development and Validation

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices

Scale development: ten main limitations and recommendations to improve future research practices

Challenges facing Chinese International students studying in the United States

Turkish Pre-service Teachers’ Perceptions of Digital Citizenship in Education Programs

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